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n mH 2 =(1.0A)⎜ ⎝ 1A ⎟⎜ ⎠⎜ 96,487coulombs ⎟⎜ -⎟⎝ 1hr ⎠ H H2 hr-A kgH hr-kA 2 ⎛1coulomb/sec⎞⎛1equivalenceof e- ⎞⎛ 1gmolH ⎞⎛3600sec⎞ gmol ⎟⎜ 2 ⎟⎜ ⎟=0.018655 ⎝ ⎠⎝2equiv.ofe ⎠ ⎛ gmol ⎞⎛2.0158g ⎞⎛1kg ⎞ H2⎟⎠⎜ ⎟⎜⎝ ⎟⎠=37.605x10 ⎝1gmolH2⎠ 1000g -6kgH hr-A 2 =⎜⎝0.018655 hr-A 2 or0.037605 The result of this calculation, 0.037605 kg H2 per hour per kA (0.08291 lb H2 per hour per kA), is a convenient factor that is often used to determine how much fuel must be provided to supply a desired fuel cell power output, as illustrated in the next example. Example 9-2 Required Fuel Flow Rate for 1 MW Fuel Cell A 1.0 MWDC fuel cell stack is operated with a cell voltage of 700 mV on pure hydrogen with a fuel utilization, Uf of 80 percent. (a) How much hydrogen will be consumed in lb/hr? (b) What is the required fuel flow rate? (c) What is the required air flow rate for a 25 percent oxidant utilization, Uox? Solution: (a) The solution of this problem will be simplified by assuming that the individual fuel cells are arranged in parallel. That is, the fuel cell stack voltage is the same as each individual cell voltage, and the fuel cell stack current is equal to the current of an individual cell times the number of cells. Recalling that power (P) is the product of voltage (V) and current (I), P=IxV Therefore, the current through the fuel cell stack can be calculated as P ⎛1.0 MW⎞⎛106 W⎞⎛1 VA⎞⎛ 1 kA ⎞ I = V = ⎜⎝ 0 . 7 V ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1 M W ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1 W ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1 0 0 0 A ⎟⎠ = 1 4 2 9 k A The quantity of hydrogen consumed within the fuel cell stack is m ⎛0.08291lbH ⎞ =(1429kA)⎜ 2 ⎟=118.4 lbH hr 2 H2 ,consumed ⎝ hr-kA ⎠ Note that without the simplifying assumption that the fuel cells were arranged in parallel, the same hydrogen mass flow could have been calculated with a few extra steps. For example, if the fuel cell stack was composed of 500 cells in series, then the stack voltage would have been 350 volts [(500 cells)(0.7 V/cell)], and the stack current would have been 2.858 kA/cell [1429 kA / 500 cells]. Because this stack current passes through 500 cells arranged in series, the hydrogen consumption is calculated as 9-2PDF Image | Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)
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