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6684 Youness El Fouih and Chakib Bouallou / Energy Procedia 37 (2013) 6679 – 6686 usual ethanol production processes in term of energy consumption, all the costs should be integrated from of raw materials transport to ethanol production. Table 1. Total process energy consumption per kg of ethanol Process Unit Thermal energy MJ per kg of ethanol Electrical energy MJ per kg of ethanol 5,4 31,5 36,9 Exchangers 0,93 Losses (5%) Compressors Reactors 0,83 Distillation unit 1,5 Separation unit 0,03 Electrolysis cells Total Energy 0,273 36,9 In Table 2 we present a global mass balance of the studied process. We note that effectively this process recycles important amount of CO2. To produce one ton of ethanol, 3.5 tons of CO2 and 5 tonnes of H2O are consumed. 95% of CO2 produced is recycled to the process and the remaining 5% are purged. As presented in the table 2, amount of hydrogen produced is five times of ethanol amount. Given the industrial uses of hydrogen and its energy potential, it would be appropriate to add a hydrogen recovery unit. We can also add another separation unit for methane production. By integrating all of these improvements, which will certainly complicate the process more, the overall efficiency of the process will increase and energy efficiency will be much higher. Table 2: global mass balance of the process Inlet (kg/h) 46 844 Outlet (kg/h) 10 464 10 464 33 622 Production (kg/h) 10 464 48 514 10 400 570 6 898 Consumption (kg/h) 36 380 51 371 CO2 CO H2O H2 C2H5OH CH3OH CH4 4.3. Economic assessment 84 993 1892 50407 10 400 570 6 898 Using economic evaluation method established by Horacio Perez [13] and some of the production costs presented in the same reference, we present below main economic assessment assumptions. As showed (Table 3), this process deliver ethanol at a cost price of 1.1 $ per kg. Usual ethanol production processes deliver ethanol at a cost p ethanol price is due essentially to the difference of industrialisation degree for the considered processes. While the process proposed in this study is not even realised at pilot plant level, the other processes arePDF Image | Recycling of carbon dioxide to produce ethanol
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