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SOFC Presentations Materials and Systems Research, Inc. Greg Tao, Principle Investigator at MSRI, reported on work performed separately on SOFC and SOEC and provided information on how each behaved when reversed. The slides from MSRI's presentation can be found in Appendix C. MSRI has performed work developing SOFC for the DOE Office of Fossil Energy and SOEC for the Office of Nuclear Energy under subcontract to INL. MSRI uses an anode-supported SOFC design with a thin solid oxide electrolyte averaging 8 microns in thickness. The cathode of their SOFC uses a mixed (electronic and ionic) conductor. MSRI has demonstrated multi-cell SOFC stacks up to 2 kW in power output. They reported on a 60-cell SOFC stack, shown in Figure 3, that operated for 2,500 hours with a degradation of only 0.85% per 1,000 hours operating on 50:50 H2:N2 fuel and with air as the oxidant. Figure 3. MSRI’s 60-cell stack (Slide 10 from MSRI presentation) In work begun in 2008, MSRI used their standard SOFC materials to investigate how the cells 2 behaved when used as SOEC for steam electrolysis. Using identical 5-cell stacks having 100 cm active area per cell, they operated one stack as an SOFC and one as an SOEC. The degradation rate of the 2008 vintage SOFC was less than 2% per 1,000 hours while the degradation of an identical stack operated as an SOEC was 30% per 1,000 hours. Post-test analysis indicated that the rapid decay of the SOEC was due to delamination of the oxygen electrode at the electrode/electrolyte interface, a problem that was not observed in the SOFC. The conclusions reached at the time were that cell designs and materials optimized for SOFC were not optimized for SOEC operation. MSRI then began work to develop a set of materials optimized for SOEC operation. In January 2011 MSRI completed a successful 5-cell SOEC stack test that exhibited an average degradation rate of less than 2% per 1,000 hours over a 10,000 hour period of testing. In one particular 5-cell stack test MSRI operated the device as an SOEC 17PDF Image | Reversible Fuel Cells Workshop Summary Report
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