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ChemEngineering 2019, 3, 35 9 of 11 catalyst were found to be at 100 ◦C in order to reach 90% of conversion and 96% for selectivity. The overall results of conversion%, yield%, and selectivity% are presented in Table 5. Further investigations on the mechanism of this reaction could be carried out and compared with the literature [35,36] in a future publication. ChemEngineering 2019, 3, x FOR PEER REVIEW Table 4. Determination of total acidity of untreated and treated zeolites using NH3-TPD analysis. 9 of 11 CaCtatlaylsytst ZSM‐5 Tmax ( C) ZSM‐5‐Na 0.46 0.53 0.99 306 423 ZSM-5-Na 0.46 0.53 0.99 306 423 426 ZSZMSM‐5-‐5T-T 0.704.74 00.4.499 1..233 333131 ZSM-5-C 0.44 0.84 1.28 284 388 ZSM‐5‐C 0.44 0.84 1.28 284 388 − −1 1 Desorbed NH3 Amount (mmol∙g ) ◦ Desorbed NH3 Amount (mmol·g ) Tmax (°C) First Peak Second Peak Total First Peak Second Peak First Peak Second Peak Total First Peak Second Peak 0.45 0.49 0.94 304 422 ZSM-5 0.45 0.49 0.94 304 422 ZSM-5-CT 0.47 0.86 1.33 332 427 ZSM‐5‐CT 0.47 0.86 1.33 332 427 100 80 60 40 20 0 ZSM-5-T 63 ZSM‐5‐Na 37 ZSM-5-C 82 ZSM‐5‐T 63 60 80 100 120 Temperature, oC Figure 6. Effect of reaction temperature on the percentage of anisole conversion over treated and Figure 6. Effect of reaction temperature on the percentage of anisole conversion over treated and untreated zeolite catalysts. Untreated zeolite (ZSM‐5) is in black, ZSM‐5‐NA is in red, ZSM‐5‐T is in untreated zeolite catalysts. Untreated zeolite (ZSM-5) is in black, ZSM-5-NA is in red, ZSM-5-T is in green, ZSM‐5‐C is in blue, and ZSM‐5‐CT is in purple. green, ZSM-5-C is in blue, and ZSM-5-CT is in purple. Table 5. The percentages of conversion, selectivity, and yield for Friedel-Crafts acylation of anisole and Table 5. The percentages of conversion, selectivity, and yield for Friedel‐Crafts acylation of anisole propionic anhydride catalyzed by untreated and treated zeolites at 24 h and 100 ◦C. and propionic anhydride catalyzed by untreated and treated zeolites at 24 h and 100 °C. Catalyst Code Conversion (%) Selectivity (%) Yield (%) Catalyst Code Conversion (%) Selectivity (%) Yield (%) ZSM-5 ZSM-5-Na 40 56 76 88 90 40 56 76 88 90 60 66 83 94 96 60 66 83 94 96 24 37 ZSM‐5 24 4. Conclusions ZSM‐5‐C ZSM‐5‐CT 82 87 ZSM-5-CT 87 Meso-porous ZSM-5 catalysts have been synthesized for the Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction of 4. Conclusions anisole and propionic anhydride to obtain p-methoxypropiophenone. The ZSM-5-CT proved to be Meso‐porous ZSM‐5 catalysts have ◦been synthesized for the Friedel‐Crafts acylation reaction of an active catalyst for this reaction at 100 C and 24 h. The activity of ZSM-5-CT enhanced selectivity anisole and propionic anhydride to obtain p‐methoxypropiophenone. The ZSM‐5‐CT proved to be toward the main product by a factor of 1.7 or higher compared to untreated zeolite owing to an increase an active catalyst for this reaction at 100 °C and 24 h. The activity of ZSM‐5‐CT enhanced selectivity in surface area and surface acidity. toward the main product by a factor of 1.7 or higher compared to untreated zeolite owing to an 90% conversion and 96% product selectivity toward p-methoxypropiophenone was achieved by increase in surface area and surface acidity. using the ZSM-5-CT catalyst. The catalytic activity depends on the acid strength, number of Brønsted 90% conversion and 96% product selectivity toward p‐methoxypropiophenone was achieved by using the ZSM‐5‐CT catalyst. The catalytic activity depends on the acid strength, number of Brønsted acidic sites, surface area, average pore size and mesoporosity of the treated zeolite catalysts. The effect of treatment on the zeolite (ZSM‐5) catalyst with NaOH, CTABr, and TPAOH and a mixture of solutions (CTAB + TPAOH) solutions were studied. Conversion, %PDF Image | Synthesis of Uniform Mesoporous Zeolite ZSM-5 Catalyst
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