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DESIGN AND FLOW ANALYSIS OF RADIAL AND MIXED FLOW TURBINE VOLUTES M Abidat* , M K Hamidou, M Hachemi And M Hamel Laboratoire de Mécanique Appliquée, Faculté de Génie Mécanique Université des Sciences et de la Technologie d’Oran - Algérie e-mail : miloud_abidat04@yahoo.fr Key Words: Volute, mixed flow turbine, performance, flow angle, efficiency, finite volume method, ANSYS-CFX ABSTRACT. Radial and mixed flow turbines which are an important component of a turbocharger consist essentially of a volute, a rotor and a diffuser. Vaneless volute turbines, which have reasonable performance and low cost, are the most used in turbochargers for automotive engines. Care has to be done in the design of the volute, whose function is to convert a part of the engine exhaust gas energy into kinetic energy and direct the flow towards the rotor inlet at an appropriate flow angle with reduced losses. Turbulent compressible flow analysis and performance prediction using the finite volume method implemented in the ANSYS-CFX software, are carried out on two different volute types. Four volute, with different cross section areas used for radial turbines, are studied and the computed results such as the computed averaged volute exit flow angles, the volute overall loss coefficients and the exit radial velocity component distributions are compared with the available experimental data. The second volute studied is the one used for a mixed flow turbine in the turbocharger test rig at Imperial College. In this part of the study, the interest is focused on the influence of the volute inlet flow conditions on its performance (efficiency, exit flow angle, etc). 1 INTRODUCTION The turbine which is an important component of a turbocharger consists essentially of a casing or volute, a rotor and a diffuser. The casing, whose function is to convert a part of the engine exhaust gas energy into kinetic energy and direct the flow towards the rotor inlet at an appropriate flow angle, can be vaneless or fitted with a nozzle guided vanes. In the second case, the turbine has a good aerodynamic performance at design conditions but a poor efficiency at off design conditions compared with a vaneless stator. The design for better performances of the spiral housing volute used commonly in radial and mixed flow turbines is of prime importance as it affects the stage performance at both design and off design conditions. Special attention has to be paid to the spiral flow passage surrounding the periphery of the stator. Its major roles are to collect the turbine inlet flow and to deliver it properly all around the periphery of the stator and the rotor blade passages at an appropriate flow direction dictated by optimum turbine efficiency considerations. The volute is fed by a tangential inlet pipe making the gradual transition to the discharge outlet. The inlet shape and length impacts on the turbine efficiency are very important. Chapple et al European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics ECCOMAS CFD 2006 P. Wesseling, E. Oñate, J. Périaux (Eds) TU Delft, The Netherlands, 2006PDF Image | ANALYSIS OF RADIAL AND MIXED FLOW TURBINE VOLUTES
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