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179 6.3.3 Setting of the Working Fluid (NOVEC 649) In conventional air turbines, air is considered as an ideal, and hence,a constant specific heat ratio is applicable. In ORC turbines, where a real fluid is modelled, the assumption of constant specific heat is not practical. ANSYS CFX has four real gas models, namely, Standard Redlich Kwong (SRK), Aungier Redlich Kwong (ARK), Soave Redlich Kwong (SORK) and Peng Robinson (PR).Redlich and Kwong[284] proposed a temperature- dependence approach that improved the accuracy of van der Waals EoS. Later, Soave [285] andPeng and D. B. Robinson[286] proposed additional modifications to the Redlich–Kwong [284]EoS to predict vapour pressure, liquid density and equilibrium ratios more accurately. Fluid properties, such as critical point, specific volume, acentric factor and molar mass, should be specified in all the aforementioned EoS. Moreover, the coefficients of a zero pressure polynomial are required to determine entropies, enthalpies and internal energies. The detailed definitions of the aforementioned EoS are presented in Appendix B. Martin [13] investigated the accuracy of the aforementioned EoSs by comparing their results with the more accurate and advanced REFPROP [230]. His results showed that a deviation in the pressure is observed between 0.8% and 1.57%. The results also showed that a more significant deviation in the enthalpy calculations than that found for the pressure calculation is predicted with a maximum value of 4%. Therefore, RGP tables are the suitable solution to avoid such deviations. As previously mentioned, REFPROP contains EOSs that are more accurate and advanced than the readily available EoSs[13]. Thus, REFPROP [230] was used to construct the fluid property tables for NOVEC 649. Some parameters, such as maximum temperature and pressure, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity, have to be specified. According to the modelling guide [287], selecting the Rigid Non-Interacting Sphere and Interacting Sphere Model for dynamic viscosity is highly recommended because it is valid for gases that use user-supplied EoS. The following parameters should be specified in the tables as functions of temperature and pressure:PDF Image | Automotive Radial Turbine Expander Design WHR
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