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2 1. INTRODUCTION and the friction losses are decreased due to smaller cylinders, valves etc. This technique is called downsizing and can be used to meet the future demands on lower fuel consumption and emission levels with maintained, or even increased, power output. To be able to further increase the efficiency of the IC engine, the understanding of the highly pulsatile flow in the turbine part of the tur- bocharger must be improved. This knowledge will also be used to increase the efficiency of the turbine and also to develop a low order numerical model of the turbine to be used in numerical engine simulation tools. In this thesis, the performance of the turbine working in both non-pulsatile and pulsatile flows is considered. The main focus of the work has been on: • The physics of pulsatile flow in bent pipes. • Assessment of the effects of inflow conditions on the turbine perfor- mance. For the later case, both the effects of pulsatile and non-pulsatile flow have been assessed, with varying perturbations and unsteadiness applied at the inlet to the turbine. The used method is time resolved three-dimensional numerical simulations. The work described in the thesis mark a contribution in understanding the flow in the turbine and its dependence on the inflow conditions. The latter aspect is of importance from engineering point of view; i.e. for the integration of the turbo-charger in the car engine. By improved understanding of the flow, a better understanding the sources of losses in the turbine is achieved. The experience gained in the computational analysis shall hopefully help in improving the modelling of such flows. The remainder of the thesis is organized as follows: In Chapter 2 a brief overview of the steady and unsteady flow in pipes is given. This chapter is fol- lowed by Chapter 3 where the features of turbochargers, with focus on the tur- bine part, are discussed. Chapter 4 consider the used methods. In Chapter 5, the most important results are presented followed by conclusions in Chapter 6. Finally, in Chapter 7, a short summary of the included papers is given.PDF Image | Numerical computations of the unsteady flow in a radial turbine
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