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SMALL-SCALE RADIAL INFLOW TURBINE FOR WHR ORC

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SMALL-SCALE RADIAL INFLOW TURBINE FOR WHR ORC ( small-scale-radial-inflow-turbine-for-whr-orc )

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CHAPTER 1: Introduction Muñoz de Escalona et al. 2012, Clemente et al. 2013, Mago et al. 2013), waste heat of internal combustion engines (Dolz et al. 2012, Katsanos et al. 2012, Wang et al. 2012, Sprouse Iii et al. 2013) and waste heat of SRC (Rashidi et al. 2011, Liu et al. 2012). In contrast, there has been relatively little published work regarding the development and optimization of the expanders used in the ORC and in all the above studies constant expander efficiency was considered during the analyses. The expander is a critical component in a relatively efficient ORC system and has significant effect on the overall cycle performance (Bao et al. 2013). Despite the few studies that considered the modelling and experimental study of the ORC based on volumetric scroll or screw expanders (Lemort et al. 2009, Quoilin et al. 2010, Twomey et al. 2013, Zhang et al. 2014), very limited published studies are reported that investigate the performance of volumetric expanders (i.e. turbines) for the ORC. Even, these volumetric expanders were not designed specifically for the cycle thermodynamic operating conditions and working fluids properties but were modified version of existing compressors and exhibited low isentropic efficiencies in the range of upto 75%. Compared to the volumetric (scroll and screw) expanders, radial inflow turbine (RIT) offers the advantages of high efficiency, mature manufacturability, light weight, small number of moving parts and high power to weight ratio (Qiu et al. 2011, Bao et al. 2013). There exists a knowledge gap regarding the development and optimization of small-scale RITs with isnetropic efficienes higher than volumetric expanders that can be used with low-power capcity ORC systems and neccesiates the need for substantial academic research in this field. Figure 1-1 is useful in understanding the content of this section. 5|Page

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