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CHAPTER 5: Mean-line Modelling and Optimization of Organic RIT and Integration with Cycle Analysis Programme Furthermore, in all of the ORC modelling and optimization studies described in chapter two, an arbitrary constant turbine efficiency was used for a wide range of operating conditions and for various working fluids without assuring that the specified turbine efficiency can be achieved by the imposed thermodynamic conditions in practice. This assumption does not necessarily yield accurate results (as will be shown in this chapter) where each fluid may exhibit different performance under different operating conditions. To alleviate such major deficiency, it is required to carry out the integrated mean-line modelling of organic RIT with ORC analysis code. Such approach replaces the constant turbine efficiency with a dynamic efficiency that is unique for each set of cycle operating conditions and working fluid properties. This allows overcoming any arbitrary assumption of the turbine efficiency, unlike the previous literature, that can result in improved performance prediction of the ORC systems. Moreover, the mean-line modelling normally requires adjustment of the design parameters iteratively in order to achieve desirable results and if unacceptable the process will be repeated (Figure 3-5). However, this procedure does not necessarily ensure that the optimum combination of the turbine input parameter is achieved for the optimum performance. Also, it does not consider a broad range for the input parameters which increases the possibility of overlooking the best solution. In addition, the results should be manually checked to certify that the ORC and turbine constraints are fulfilled. Hence, coupling the integrated ORC-RIT code with an optimization scheme (i.e. genetic algorithm) allows performing the true analytical optimization of a wide range of performance indexes (i.e. cycle thermal efficiency and turbine isentropic efficiency) and ensuring that the optimum combination of input parameters is achieved. The optimizing algorithm can be constrained based on the ORC and organic RIT requirements to limit the design space size generated by the optimizer. 155 | P a g ePDF Image | SMALL-SCALE RADIAL INFLOW TURBINE FOR WHR ORC
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