SMALL-SCALE RADIAL INFLOW TURBINE FOR WHR ORC

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SMALL-SCALE RADIAL INFLOW TURBINE FOR WHR ORC ( small-scale-radial-inflow-turbine-for-whr-orc )

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CHAPTER 5: Mean-line Modelling and Optimization of Organic RIT and Integration with Cycle Analysis Programme In additions, the available research that used RIT (Table 2-3) is limited to single- stage configuration with expansion ratios limited to about 5. The reason being that increasing the expansion ratio beyond this limit increases the Mach number at the rotor inlet leading to supersonic flow regime with strong shock waves that deteriorates the turbine efficiency. However, from the thermodynamics point of view it is desirable to increase the pressure difference in the ORC (between evaporator and condenser as shown in Figure 2-2) in order to increase the cycle thermal efficiency. Therefore, in this chapter a novel transonic dual-stage organic RIT was developed to both preserve the turbine efficiency while maintaining high expansion ratios and consequently high cycle thermal efficiency. Finally, three new correlations were developed based on linear regression analysis to predict with good accuracy the maximum obtainable turbine isentropic efficiency and the corresponding turbine overall size and rotor size for a wide range of operating conditions and various working fluids. Such correlations use only few key design parameters without the need of knowledge of working fluid properties or the need for performing the complete turbine design procedure. This chapter utilizes the validated methodology in chapters three and four as a proof- of-concept approach and extend it to fulfil all the aforementioned goals. The outcomes of this chapter are the core contributions of the present thesis to the field. 5.2. Organic working fluid selection According to the discussion in section 2.4 regarding the selection criteria of the working fluids and also the summary of the best fluids listed in Figure 2.14 the working fluids presented in Table 5-1 were selected for further screening. Figure 5.1 shows the 156 | P a g e

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