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Chapter 5: Underground geological storage 201 table 5.1 A selection of current and planned geological storage projects. Project Country Scale of Project Lead organizations injection start date Approximate average daily injection rate total storage Storage type Geological storage formation Age of formation Lithology monitoring Sleipner Norway Commercial Statoil, IEA 1996 3000 t day-1 20 Mt planned Aquifer Utsira Formation Tertiary Sandstone 4D seismic plus gravity Weyburn Canada Commercial EnCana, IEA May 2000 3-5000 t day-1 20 Mt planned CO2-EOR Midale Formation Mississippian Carbonate Comprehensive Minami- Nagoaka Japan Demo Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth 2002 Max 40 t day-1 10,000 t planned Aquifer (Sth. Nagoaka Gas Field) Haizume Formation Pleistocene Sandstone Crosswell seismic + well monitoring Yubari Japan Demo Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry 2004 10 t day-1 200 t Planned CO2-ECBM Yubari Formation (Ishikari Coal Basin) Tertiary Coal Comprehensive In Salah Algeria Commercial Sonatrach, BP, Statoil 2004 3-4000 t day-1 17 Mt planned Depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs Krechba Formation Carboniferous Sandstone Planned comprehensive Frio USA Pilot Bureau of Economic Geology of the University of Texas 4-13 Oct. 2004 Approx. 177 t day-1 for 9 days 1600t Saline formation Frio Formation Tertiary Brine-bearing sandstone- shale Comprehensive K12B Netherlands Demo Gaz de France 2004 100-1000 t day-1 (2006+) Approx 8 Mt EGR Rotleigendes Permian Sandstone Comprehensive Fenn Big Valley Canada Pilot Alberta Research Council 1998 50 t day-1 200 t CO2-ECBM Mannville Group Cretaceous Coal P, T, flow Recopol Poland Pilot TNO-NITG (Netherlands) 2003 1 t day-1 10 t CO2-ECBM Silesian Basin Carboniferous Coal Qinshui Basin China Pilot Alberta Research Council 2003 30 t day-1 150 t CO2-ECBM Shanxi Formation Carboniferous- Permian Coal P, T, flow Salt Creek USA Commercial Anadarko 2004 5-6000 t day-1 27 Mt CO2-EOR Frontier Cretaceous Sandstone Under development Planned Projects (2005 onwards) Snøhvit Norway Decided Commercial Statoil 2006 2000 t day-1 Saline formation Tubaen Formation Lower Jurassic Sandstone Under development Gorgon Australia Planned Commercial Chevron Planned 2009 Approx. 10,000 t day-1 Saline formation Dupuy Formation Late Jurassic Massive sandstone with shale seal Under development Ketzin Germany Demo GFZ Potsdam 2006 100 t day-1 60 kt Saline formation Stuttgart Formation Triassic Sandstone Comprehensive Otway Australia Pilot CO2CRC Planned late 2005 160 t day-1 for 2 years 0.1 Mt Saline fm and depleted gas field Waarre Formation Cretaceous Sandstone Comprehensive Teapot Dome USA Proposed Demo RMOTC Proposed 2006 170 t day-1 for 3 months 10 kt Saline fm and CO2-EOR Tensleep and Red Peak Fm Permian Sandstone Comprehensive CSEMP Canada Pilot Suncor Energy 2005 50 t day-1 10 kt CO2-ECBM Ardley Fm Tertiary Coal Comprehensive Pembina Canada Pilot Penn West 2005 50 t day-1 50 kt CO2-EOR Cardium Fm Cretaceous Sandstone Comprehensive storage projects are also listed in Table 5.1. At the In Salah Gas Field in Algeria, Sonatrack, BP and into the Dupuy Formation at Barrow Island (Oen, 2003). In The Netherlands, CO2 is being injected at pilot scale into the almost depleted K12-B offshore gas field (van der Meer et al., 2005). Statoil inject CO2 stripped from natural gas into the gas reservoir outside the boundaries of the gas field (Box 5.2). Statoil is planning another project in the Barents Sea, where CO2 from the Snohvit field will be stripped from the gas and injected into a geological formation below the gas field. Chevron is proposing to produce gas from the Gorgon field off Western Australia, containing approximately 14% CO2. The CO2 will be injected Forty-four CO2-rich acid gas injection projects are currently operating in Western Canada, ongoing since the early 1990s (Bachu and Haug, 2005). Although they are mostly small scale, they provide important examples of effectively managing injection of CO2 and hazardous gases such as H2S (Section 5.2.4.2).PDF Image | CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE AND STORAGE
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