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Selectivity is measured by considering the molar fraction of single component on the per- Energies 2021, 14, 387 13 of 32 meate (y) side over that on the feed (x) side: , = / (7) The PolarisTM membranes developed by the Membrane and Technology Research Institute (MTR) [22] overcome the main challenge of post-combustion capture. Indeed, the low partial pressure of flue gas leads to a huge membrane area. PolarisTM membranes with a new sweep module for the selective recycling of CO2, drive efficient overall CO2 new sweep module for the selective recycling of CO2, drive efficient overall CO2 recovery urpectoove9r0y%u.pTthoe9m0%a.inThgeoamlaoifnMgoTaRl owfaMsTtoRiwncarsetaoseinmcremasbermaneempberramneapnecremteoandceecrteoadse- tchrearesequthireerdeqmueirmedbrmaneemabrreanaenadreraeadnudceretdhue ceapthiteaclacpoisttalocfotshteomf tehme mbreamnebrCaOne CcaOp2tcuarpe- 2 styusrtemsy.stTehme.fiTrhset fmirestmmberamnberadneevedleovpeeldopheaddhCadOCOpe2rpmeremanecaencoef o1f0010,00G0PGUPaUnadnCdOCO/2N/N2 222 sseelleeccttiiviittyooff5500.. Overrttiimee,,ttheemeembbrraaneepeerrfforrmancehaassiimprrooveedttoo1177000GPPUfoforr sseeccoond--generrattiion (commercial scalle))aannddaalmlmoostst3,30000GGPPUUfofrotrhtehtehitrhdirodneon(oen(loynilnylainb- lascba-lsec)a.le). AnneewddeesisgignnfofroraasmsmalallpliploiltomtemebmrabnraenseystyesmtewmawsiansstinalslteadllaetdthatetNheatNioantaiolCnalrbCoanr- CbaopntuCraepCtuerneteCreintJeurlyin2J0u1l4y.2S0e1v4e.rSalevtesrtaclatmesptaciagmnpsahiagvneschoanvfiermcoendfiritmsedffiictiseneftfcicaipenactictya- tpoacaitpytutorecaCpOturaecChOie2vaincghie9v0%ingC9O0%cCapOt2ucraep, twuhreil,ewthielevtehreyvseimrypslimcitpylicaintydatnindytisnizyesoizfe 22 this technology gives it an advantage with respect to the other capture systems. The new of this technology gives it an advantage with respect to the other capture systems. The configuration illustrated in Figure 8 was sized to treat 20 t CO /day included in flue gas at new configuration illustrated in Figure 8 was sized to treat 20 t CO2/day included in flue 11%ofCO and50◦C,improvingtheTRLfrom3(labscale)to6(pilotplant). gas at 11%2 of CO2 and 50 °C, improving the TRL from 3 (lab scale) to 6 (pilot plant). / have ten times the permeance of conventional gas separation membranes and, together ten times the permeance of conventional gas separation membranes and, together with a Figure 8. Simplified diagram of the Membrane and Technology Research Institute (MTR) selective recycle CO2 capture Figure 8. Simplified diagram of the Membrane and Technology Research Institute (MTR) selective recycle CO2 capture process at a coal-fired power plant using PolarisTM membrane in separation modules [22]. The membrane separation process designed by MTR/DOE and illustrated above is process at a coal-fired power plant using PolarisTM membrane in separation modules [22]. The membrane separation process designed by MTR/DOE and illustrated above equipped with a multi-stage membrane treatment. The flue gas produced in a boiler flows is equipped with a multi-stage membrane treatment. The flue gas produced in a boiler into a cleaning unit in order to remove contaminants, and then it is pressurized. The pres- flows into a cleaning unit in order to remove contaminants, and then it is pressurized. The surized flue gas flows into the first step CO2 capture module. The driven force used to pressurized flue gas flows into the first step CO2 capture module. The driven force used to separate the CO2 is mainly the gradient pressure obtained by means of a compressor on separate the CO2 is mainly the gradient pressure obtained by means of a compressor on tthheeffeeeddssidideeaannddaavvaaccuuumppuumppoonnththeeppeerrmeeaatetessididee. .IInnththisisfifrirssttmoodduulele, ,oonnlylyppaarrttooff tthheeCO2 iisseparrattedffrromttheeflflueegaass..Therreemaaiiniinggccaarrbboonnddioioxxidideeininththeeddeeppleleteteddflfuluee 2 ggaassisissseeqquueessttrraateteddvviaiaththeesseeccoonnddssweeeppmoodduulele. .Thhisisccoomppoonneennttuusseessaairirccoombbuusstitoionnaass aassweeepssttrreeaamttoogeeneerraatteeaadrriiviingfforrcceeandttheerreeffoorreeccoompprreesssoorrssaannddvvaaccuuumppuumppss aarreennoot tuusesedd. .TThheeCCOO2ppeermrmeeaatetsesththe emmemembrbarnaenetotoprpordoudcuecae dailduitleudteadiraciromcobmubstuiostni.onA.sAas 2 raesruelstu,tlht,etflhueeflguaesgparsodpurcoedduicnedthienbtohielerbohialserahaigshaerhCigOhercoCnOce2nctornatcieontr(ia.eti.o,n≈2(i0.e%.,).≈W20i%th). 2 the configuration described above, the separation efficiency of the first module increases (about 90% of CO2 is captured) producing a rich mixture gas composed mainly of 71% of CO2, 9% of H2O and 18% of N2, which is sent to the CO2 purification unit. The techno-economic analysis was performed integrating a supercritical coal power plant delivering 550 MWe with the new membrane technology of MTR, and it is summa- rized in the following Table 4.PDF Image | Energies 14
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