PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 018
CARBON REMOVAL 101 17 THE CASE FOR CARBON REMOVAL PILLAR 1: MAKING THE 2°C CLIMATE MATH ADD UP CO emissions that, if exceeded, 2 Making the 2°C Climate Math Add Up Meeting our long-term climate goals likely hinges on our ability corresponds to a given tempera- ture increase. The carbon budget remaining for limiting tempera- ture increases to below 2°C Building Benefits Bipartisan Beyond is roughly equivalent to 1,000 to develop and deploy scalable billion tons of CO -equivalent 2 Political Climate Support (CO -eq).5 At the present rate of 2 carbon removal solutions. To curtail climate change, a rap- id economic transition away from fossil fuel consumption and emission-generating land management practices is neces- sary. While it is technologically possible to reduce emissions quickly enough to prevent temperatures from rising above the 2°C limit considered by the international community as the maximum acceptable threshold for catastrophic climate change,4 marshaling the political sup- port required to curtail climate change through CO2 emission abatement alone looks increas- ingly difficult. This subsection explains why carbon removal solutions will likely prove critical for stabilizing and reducing at- mospheric CO2 concentrations. Background: The 2°C Math and Carbon Budgets The idea of a “carbon budget” is central to the math of cur- tailing climate change. A carbon budget is a fixed quantity of annual CO2 emissions (around 40 billion tons of CO2-eq per year),6 the carbon budget corre- sponding to 2°C will be exhaust- ed in less than two decades.* *196 countries have now committed to “holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels” as stated in Article 2 of the Paris Agreement. In this agree- ment, the world clearly committed to 2°C as an upper limit rather than a goal, showing that many in the scientific community see 2°C as too high of a limit to protect the most vulnerable populations against climate change. Carbon budgets associated with 1.5°C of warming will be exhausted in less than a decade without significant and swift emissions reductions.8 Further, there is significant uncertainty as to whether this 1,000 billion tons CO -eq carbon 2 budget will actually limit global WHAT IS CO2 EQUIVALENT? CO2 equivalence is used to equate the effect of various greenhouse gases (like meth- ane and di-nitrous oxide) on the climate into a single metric. CO2 equivalence describes the amount of carbon dioxide that would have the same global warm- ing effect as an amount of another gas over a certain period of time.3 temperature increases to below 2°C. Scientists estimate that this 1,000 billion ton CO2-eq budget corresponds to a 66% probabili- ty that temperature increases will stay below 2°C by the end of the century (as shown in Figure 3). To have a higher confidence that temperatures will stay below 2°C, an even smaller carbon budget must be maintained, which the IPCC notes “only a limited number of individual model studies have explored.”7 The climate math is clear: rapid emissions reductions are needed to curtail climate changePDF Image | Philanthropy Final Report
PDF Search Title:
Philanthropy Final ReportOriginal File Name Searched:
Philanthropy-Report-Final.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)