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Theoretical modeling of PSA systems has also been extensively studied to gain a clear understanding of this rather complex process. A summary of the published dynamic models has been compiled by Ruthven [156] and Nikoli`c et al. [136]. In general, PSA bed model is a set of fairly complex partial differential and algebraic equations (PDAEs) which reflect the transient nature of the process and capture the underlying physics in detail. With such models, it is now possible to accurately predict the dynamic behavior of a PSA process, and to adequately account for all the factors that affect the performance of any given PSA system. 1.2 Research Challenges with PSA Although commercial applications of PSA processes have grown rapidly, existing as well as emerging new applications present exorbitant research challenges in terms of developing a systematic formulation for synthesizing multibed PSA cycles, obtaining optimal operation strategy with detailed PSA bed models, and obtaining exhaustive experimental data for the kinetic and equilibrium behavior for novel adsorbents to accurately model multicomponent adsorption isotherm and mass transfer phenomena. Ruthven [155] and Sircar [169, 170] have summarized the current and future research trends. 1.2.1 Process Development Although high-performance cycles have been developed for individual commercial applications, design and synthesis of a PSA system for given commercial specifications has largely remained an experimental effort. It is not clear why a particular cycle is chosen or one performs bet- ter than other configurations. More importantly, so far no systematic algorithm or method has been developed in the literature to design and evaluate a PSA cycle configuration due to the inherent complexity of the process which involves a number of sequential but interacting unsteady-state cycle steps. A priori design of a practical cycle that can guarantee commercial specifications without the use of supporting data from a bench- or pilot-scale process is con- sidered less desirable because of the expense and computational time involved in solving the 1.2 Research Challenges with PSA Chapter 1. Introduction 4PDF Image | Design and Operation of Pressure Swing Adsorption Processes
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