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Abstract Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) is a method of separating a mixture of gases into its various components. Cyclic pressure and flow variations, in the presence of a selectively adsorbent material, are used to concentrate one species or group of species at one end of an adsorbent filled vessel, while the other species or group of species is concentrated at the other end. When PSA is used in separating gases, the necessity of gas pressurization and depressurization implies that the process can become very energy intensive. This is especially true in low capacity systems that require small compressors and/or vacuum pumps. There are many ways in which traditional PSA processes have been modified in order to reduce the amount of pressurization energy that is lost. One method is to use high pressure gas from one adsorbent bed to pressurize another adsorbent bed. This "equalization" recovers some of the energy used to initially compress the gas. However, as the gas is throttled from one bed to the other, irreversibilities are introduced into the process. In this thesis, the irreversibilities that are due to throttling are separated from those which are inherent in the PSA process and cannot be removed. The work required to produce a certain amount of gas by various simple PSA cycles is compared to the reversible work required to produce that amount of gas, based on the availability (or exergy) of the gas. The ratio of the reversible work to the actual work required for the PSA cycle is defined as the second law efficiency, and is compared for three cycles: the Four-Step cycle, the Ideal Four-Step cycle, and the Ideal Three-Step cycle. 11PDF Image | Energy Efficiency of Gas Separation Pressure Swing Adsorption
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