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treats the PSA system as a "black box." The energy losses that are found are termed "bed losses." Banerjee's work will be discussed in Chapter 4. Although there have been few studies of PSA efficiency, the present work makes use of earlier modeling and experiments, which are reviewed below. The Skarstrom cycle was first modeled in 1972 by Shendalman and Mitchell. They used a linear equilibrium model and only modeled one adsorbable trace component in an inert (non-adsorbed) carrier. By the method of characteristics they were able to find analytical solutions of the equations describing the situation in which the trace component was completely removed from the carrier. Chan et al. (1981) extended Shendalman and Mitchell's work to include an adsorbable trace component in an adsorbable carrier. They found that recovery increased with the separation factor and the pressure ratio. Flores Fernandez and Kenney (1983) studied a cycle consisting of three steps: 1. Pressurization with feed from PL to PH. 2. Product delivery at PH, while continuing to add feed. 3. Countercurrent depressurization to ambient. Their theoretical analysis uses linear isotherms and develops the mass flow equations for an arbitrary feed with both components adsorbable, but numerically integrates some of the equations. The cycle was modeled and the accuracy was judged to be ~10% for concentrations, ~15% for feed flows, and ~12% for recovery. However, the actual test data cannot be found as all of the values have been non-dimensionalized. 34PDF Image | Energy Efficiency of Gas Separation Pressure Swing Adsorption
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