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Chapter 4. Explicit/Multi-Parametric MPC Control of PSA Systems Figure 4.7 which shows the axial temperature profile at the end of each cycle (re- pressurization step) as a function of the number of PSA cycles. The temperature at the end of cycle number 350 (which can be safely regarded as the CSS here) is quite different from the feed temperature of 303.15 K and the temperature profile after just one cycle. This justifies the inclusion of the energy balance equation in the overall model even though it increases the computational load. 4.4 System Identification The system model developed in the last section essentially acts as a virtual PSA plant in the absence of a real PSA, and is crucial in assessing its dynamic per- formance under various operating conditions. However, such a large scale PDAE model is not directly suitable for model-based controller design. The essence of the system identification step is to identify a much simpler, preferably lin- ear model relating the control variable, hydrogen purity with the manipulative variable, adsorption time, to reasonable accuracy. Bitzer [20], Bitzer and Zeitz [21, 22] derived a reduced PSA model by using simplifying assumptions for the original PDAE based model, and further using numerical inversion techniques for making it suitable for feedforward control purpose. Torre et al. [157] used an approximated, linear input-output (I/O) PSA model for their MPC controller, ob- tained by disturbing the PSA model with pseudo random binary signal (PRBS). Classical literature work on system identification [152, 89, 88, 182] provide fur- ther details on many possible techniques to identify reduced models for complex systems. The identification procedure followed in this study starts by conducting dy- namic simulations on the PDAE model, perturbed by various types of input (adsorption time) disturbances in the open loop environment. Even though step and impulse inputs are among the most commonly used disturbances in pro- 80PDF Image | Operation and Control of Pressure Swing Adsorption Systems
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