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26 Results and discussion Figure 3.7: MIP cumulative pore volume distribution of an uncoated 400 cpsi cordierite monolith and a 1.5 μm thick NaX film grown on a 400 cpsi support (a) and an uncoated 900 cpsi cordierite monolith and a 1.7 μm thick NaX film grown on a 900 cpsi support (b). 900 cpsi support. These pores should thus stem from the zeolite film grown on the 400 cpsi monolith and may represent open grain boundaries and cracks in the film. It is well known that NaX zeolite crystals contracts significantly upon dehydration [53, 54], which may result in the formation of cracks and open grain boundaries in the film. A hypoth- esis is that more open grain boundaries and cracks formed in the film grown on the 400 cpsi support due to that this sample was activated a few more times at a temperature of 200◦ C compared to the 900 cpsi structured adsorbent, prior to MIP experiments. In addition, a higher number of cracks and open grain boundaries may affect the kinetic of adsorption in the zeolite films, and may result in sharper breakthrough fronts for the zeolite film samples, as will be described in more detail later in the thesis. These results demonstrate that the use of 400 or 900 cell density supports does not have a significant effect on the growth of zeolite films, since films with similar thickness were grown under the same synthesis conditions. The observed difference in pore volume of the NaX films most likely seems to stem from sample treatment prior to MIP. 3.1.4 Si/Al and Na/Al ratios of ZSM-5 crystals and films, Paper C Table 3.2 summarizes the ICP-AES data for ZSM-5 crystals grown by adding colloidal silicalite-1 seed crystals to the synthesis mixtures. The Si/Al ratio of the ZSM-5 crys- tals grown in the clear solution decreases from 367 to 178 when the duration of each hydrothermal treatment is increased from 48 to 96 h, respectively, as expected for ZSM-5 crystals grown using template molecules [10, 55]. The Si/Al ratio for the ZSM-5 crystalsPDF Image | Structured Zeolite Adsorbents for PSA Applications
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