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3.2. Adsorption performance of structured adsorbents 27 grown in the template-free gel is equal to 14 and is similar to the value reported pre- viously by Mintova et al. [56]. These results indicate that it is possible to control the Si/Al ratio by varying the synthesis time in a clear solution or using a gel. The Na/Al ratio of the ZSM-5 crystals grown in the clear solution and in the gel indicate that these samples are in sodium form, i.e. Na-ZSM-5, as expected, since the synthesis solutions contain sodium ions, see Table 2.2. As discussed earlier, it was possible to control the thickness of the ZSM-5 films by the number of hydrothermal treatment steps, see Figure 3.5. The main conclusion from these results is that by varying the synthesis conditions, the Si/Al and Na/Al ratios in the ZSM-5 films can be controlled. In particular: • Si/Al ratio decreases with increasing the duration of each synthesis step for ZSM- 5 crystals grown in the clear synthesis solution with the multiple step synthesis procedure. However, the amount of sediments deposited on the films also increases with increased duration of each hydrothermal treatment • Si/Al ratio is highest in ZSM-5 crystals grown in the template-free synthesis gel in one long hydrothermal treatment • All films are in sodium form • The film thickness could be controlled by the number of hydrothermal treatments. Table 3.2: Si/Al and Na/Al ratios of ZSM-5 crystals determined by ICP-AES. ZSM-5 crystals grown in the clear solution for 48 h Si/Al 367 Na/Al 5.7 ZSM-5 crystals grown in the clear solution for 96 h 178 3.2 ZSM-5 crystals grown in the synthesis gel for14h 14 0.9 3.2 3.2.1 Adsorption performance of structured adsorbents Adsorption/desorption isotherms, Papers A and D Figure 3.8 shows the N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms measured at liquid nitrogen temperature of the NaX films grown in the synthesis gel and in the clear solution on a 400 cpsi support. Although the thickness of the film grown in the clear solution is greater than for the film grown in the gel (see Table 3.1), the amount of nitrogen adsorbed byPDF Image | Structured Zeolite Adsorbents for PSA Applications
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