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support, a linear relationship between zeolite loading (or weight gain) and the thickness of the zeolite films should be observed. The zeolite loading of the film sample grown in the gel (sample G9), 0.046 gzeolite/gsample, is about 2 times higher than the one grown with multiple steps (0.025 gzeolite/gsample), although the film thickness is lower on the former sample. This suggests the presence of sediments on sample G9 as observed by SEM, see Figure 3 (a). The zeolite loading of the sample grown in the clear solution for 4 h is 0.012 gzeolite/gsample about half of that for the sample grown by the multi-step synthesis procedure (sample C5*1h20min), although the thickness of the latter NaX film is approximately four times higher. This indicates that the zeolite coating grown by the multi step procedure (C5*1h20min) has less sediments than sample C4, in concert with the SEM observations. In summary, all results discussed in this section indicate that films grown by the multiple step synthesis procedure have less sediments and HS crystals than the films grown using the other procedures. 3.2 Characterization by XRD Figure 4 shows XRD patterns for all samples. The data show that the discrete crystals (sample DC) are comprised of randomly oriented zeolite X crystals and a very small fraction of zeolite P, in accordance with previous results [32]. The film samples are composed of randomly oriented NaX and cordierite crystals. It is worth noting that the intensity of the low-angle peaks (between 5 and 11o) is lower for the discrete crystals (sample DC) than the films. This is the result of the presence of template molecules (TEA) in sample DC, which affect the electron density inside the crystals, similarly as observed for template containing silicalite-1 crystals [41, 42]. For the zeolite film samples, the intensity of the NaX zeolite peaks increases in the order C4PDF Image | Structured Zeolite Adsorbents for PSA Applications
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