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Advanced Performance of a CO2 Energy Storage Based Trigen

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applied sciences Article Parametric Assessment on the Advanced Exergy Performance of a CO2 Energy Storage Based Trigeneration System Wenxu Sun and Zhan Liu * College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China; 1805020121@mails.qust.edu.cn * Correspondence: zhanliu168@qust.edu.cn Received: 27 October 2020; Accepted: 23 November 2020; Published: 24 November 2020 􏰁􏰂􏰃 􏰅􏰆􏰇 􏰈􏰉􏰊􏰋􏰌􏰂􏰍 Abstract: In this paper, conventional and advanced exergy analyses are comprehensively introduced on an innovative transcritical CO2 energy storage based trigeneration system. Conventional exergy analysis can quantify in an independent way the component exergy destruction. However, the advanced technology is able to evaluate the interactions among components and identify the tangible promotion potential by allowing for the technical and economic limitations. In this method, the component exergy destruction is separated into avoidable and unavoidable parts, as well as the endogenous/exogenous parts. Calculation of the split parts is carried out by utilizing the thermodynamic cycle-based approach. Results coming from conventional exergy analysis indicate that the first three largest exergy destructions are given by cold storage, compressor 1, and heat exchanger 3. However, advanced analysis results demonstrate that the cold storage, compressor 1, and compressor 2 should be given the first improvement priority in sequence by depending on the avoidable exergy destruction. The turbine efficiency produces a higher impact on overall exergy destruction than compressor efficiency. The pinch temperature in cold storage causes the highest effect on exergy destruction amongst all the heat exchangers. There exists an optimum value in the compressor inlet pressure and ambient temperature. Keywords: CO2 energy storage; trigeneration system; advanced exergy analysis; parametric evaluation 1. Introduction The energy requirement has been marked with a sharp increase worldwide in the last several decades by referring to the statistical data on the consumption of energy resources amongst 69 countries [1]. In particular, the scarcity of energy is directly intensified due to the significant augment of energy consumption in developing economies like China, India, South Africa, and Brazil, which are accelerating the urbanization process. For example, the energy use in China is inferred to be 15 times larger by 2050 in comparison with that in 1970 [2]. It is also reported that the oil demand will increase by 30% all around the world from 2007 to 2035 [2]. The increasing consumption of fossil fuels has brought serious energy shortages, environmental pollution, and global warming [3–5]. On one hand, measures can be made to promote the conversion efficiency of the existing energy systems. On the other hand, more efforts should be made to increase the utilization of renewable energies like wind, solar, and biomass energy to improve the currently unreasonable energy structure. However, the remarkable randomness and intermittency make renewable energies the inordinate and discordant sources when integrated to an electricity grid, bringing the discard of some redundant energy during the dispatching stage [6]. The technology of compressed air energy storage (CAES) Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 8341; doi:10.3390/app10238341 www.mdpi.com/journal/applsci

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