PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 080
58 4 Methods for Flight Technique Optimization of Hybrid-Electric Aircraft with the electrical power supply (πππ’ππππ¦,πΈπππ) and (πππ’ππππ¦,πΉπ’ππ), the fuel power supplied. The fuel power provided by the combustion engine is equal to the πΉπΉ multiplied by the fuel heating value πΉπ»π. πππ’ππππ¦,πΉπ’ππ =πΉπΉΒ·πΉπ»π (4.7) COSAR = π Β· π Β· πΏ/π· (4.8) (π ππ πΆππ’ππππ¦,πΉ π’ππ Β· ππΉ π’ππ + π ππ πΆππ’ππππ¦,πΈπππ Β· ππΈπππ) Β· π where, ππΈπππ is the specific cost of electricity. It is worthwhile highlighting the fact that if the electricity price is negligible versus the fuel price, the COSAR speed-altitude optimum will be equivalent to the one given by the SAR metric. In order to relate COSAR to the design parameters introduced in Section 3.2.1, π»πΈ can be expressed as the ratio of the instantaneous electric power supply over the total instantaneous power requirement at the energy sources as established in Equation 4.9. π»πΈ = πππ’ππππ¦,πΈπππ (4.9) πππ’ππππ¦,π ππ‘ππ The COSAR figure-of-merit can be formulated as a function of π»πΈ according to Equation 4.10. (4.10) (4.11) (4.12) Due to the dependency of ππΈπππππ¦ on the flight condition, it is important to highlight that Equation 4.12 does not represent a proportional relation between COSAR and ESAR. Using COSAR as an objective function means optimizing the flight profile of hybrid-energy aircraft according to the current market energy price for minimum energy cost. The speed which maximizes COSAR was designated as the maximum COSAR range cruise (MCRC) while the long COSAR range cruise (LCRC) was defined as the speed which fulfils the 99% maximum COSAR condition [115] . COSAR = π Β· π Β· πΏ/π· πππ’ππππ¦,πππ‘ππ ((1 β π»πΈ) Β· ππΉπ’ππ + π»πΈ Β· ππΈπππ) Β· π ππππ‘ππ By defining the combined cost of energy in Equation 4.11, ππΈπππππ¦ = (1 β π»πΈ) Β· ππΉπ’ππ + π»πΈ Β· ππΈπππ COSAR can finally be formulated as a function of ESAR according to Equation 4.12. COSAR = ESAR ππΈπππππ¦PDF Image | Conceptual Design Methods Hybrid-Electric Transport Aircraft
PDF Search Title:
Conceptual Design Methods Hybrid-Electric Transport AircraftOriginal File Name Searched:
1399547.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)