PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 005
though non-technical, summary of aviation electrification from a business perspective. Hepperle [8] presents an overview of EP architectures and some basic sensitivity analy- ses based on the Breguet range equation. Pornet [9] covers practical conceptual design considerations of hybrid electric passenger aircraft using lower-order sizing methods and graphical methods, but is missing coverage of higher-fidelity optimization tools and a comprehensive survey of design studies and demonstrator programs. A U.S. National Academy of Engineering (NAE) subcommittee published a study report eval- uating underlying EP technologies and making recommendations on high-level research priorities [10]. Several other reviews cover aircraft EP as a sidebar to another primary topic. Gohardani et al. [11] review distributed propulsion with an extended discussion of EP; Gohardani [12] later updated and expanded the review. Sarlioglu and Mor- ris [13] present an excellent review of more-electric aircraft systems that includes a sidebar on propulsion. Perullo and Mavris [14] focus only on higher-fidelity modeling of energy management in hybrid configurations; Wall and Meyer [15] likewise focus only on hybrid electric. In spite of all the work cited above, there is a need for a review article that provides an entry point to the field of EP for aircraft designers, modelers, and technologists, who are versed in aircraft design principles but do not necessarily have an electrical background. We address this need by providing an up-to-date review that covers EP fundamentals, concepts and demonstrators, technologies, practical design trades, and simulation capabilities. 2 Aircraft Electric Propulsion Fundamentals 2.1 Classification Aircraft can be categorized based on the degree of hybridization of their power and energy sources. A definition of hybridization with respect to power and energy was developed by Isikveren et al. [16], namely: HP = Pm (1) Ptot HE = Eb (2) Etot By convention, hybridization is usually given with respect to electric motor power and battery energy (Pm and Eb), though in principle the same method of analysis could be used for other sources, such as hydrogen. Conventional aircraft use no electric power or electric energy for propulsion (HP = 0, HE = 0). On the other end of the spectrum, all-electric aircraft (Figure 2a) use exclusively electrical energy and power for propulsion (HP = 1, HE = 1). Some authors prefer the term universally-electric. Hybrid electric aircraft rely on a mix of fuel and electrical energy storage and propulsive power (HP > 0, 0 < HE < 1). Finally, turboelectric aircraft (Figure 2b) use combustable fuel for energy storage but electrical power transmission instead of mechanical power to drive the propulsor(s) (HP > 0, HE = 0). 4PDF Image | Electric, hybrid, and turboelectric fixed-wing aircraft
PDF Search Title:
Electric, hybrid, and turboelectric fixed-wing aircraftOriginal File Name Searched:
Brelje2019-ElectricHybridandTurboelectricFixed-WingAircraftAReview.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)