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M.E. Mondejar et al. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 91 (2018) 126–151 Table 3 Summary research works on the use of the organic Rankine cycle technology on board ships. EG: exhaust gas; JCW: jacket cooling water; SA: scavenge air; ORC: simple ORC configuration; rORC: regenerated ORC; dpORC: double pressure ORC; tORC: transcritical ORC; cORC: cascade ORC. Author(s) Yusek and Mirmobin [55] Larsen et al. [59] Yang and Yeh [62] Yang and Yeh [63] Ahlgren et al. [64] Shu et al. [65] Yang [66] Larsen et al. [67] Bellolio et al. [68] Suarez de la Fuente and Greig [69,89] Suarez de la Fuente and Greig [72] Choi and Kim [73] Nielsen et al. [74] Deniz [75] Song et al. [76] Faisal et al. [77] Yang and Yeh [78] Andreasen et al. [79] Lode [80] Grljusic et al. [81] Larsen et al. [82] Koroglu and Sogut [83] Hountalas et al. [84] Soffiato et al. [85] Kalikatzarakis and Frangopoulos [86] Mondejar et al. [87] Girgin and Ezgi [88] Ship type marine diesel engine marine diesel engine Merchant ship Merchant ship Cruise ferry Cruise ferry marine diesel engine marine diesel engine marine diesel engine marine diesel engine Container ship Container ship marine diesel engine marine diesel engine marine diesel engine Container ship marine diesel engine marine diesel engine marine diesel engine suezmax oil tanker marine diesel engine marine diesel engine marine diesel engine LNG carrier marine diesel engine Cruise ferry naval surface vessel Heat source JCW EG EG EG EG EG EG EG EG EG SA EG EG, SA EG JCW JCW JCW EG, SA, JCW Eg, SA EG, SA, JCW EG, JCW EG, JCW EG, SA FWG, SA, JCW, LO EG, SA, JCW EG EG Cycle architecture ORC rORC ORC ORC, rORC ORC, rORC ORC tORC ORC, rORC ORC rORC ORC TC, ORC SRC, ORC SRC, ORC ORC ORC rORC ORC, rORC ORC, rORC ORC rORC rORC SRC, rORC ORC, rORC, dpORC ORC, rORC, cORC rORC rORC Optimal working fluids R245fa cyclopentane, MM, benzene R1234ze, R245fa R1234ze, R245fa toluene, benzene R123, R365mfc R152a, R1234yf cis-hexane, toluene R245fa benzene R1233zd(E) water, R1234yf water, R245fa R601a R141b, R245fa R134a R600a toluene, cyclopentane, R32 R114 R245fa, R123 – R113 water, R245ca R227ea, R236fa, R245ca R245fa, R413a benzene benzene Fig. 10. The layout of the ORC units harvesting the heat from the exhaust gases and jacket water. a) Regenerated ORC fed by the exhaust gases. HEX: heat exchanger; TUR: turbine; GEN: generator; PUMP: pump. The exhaust gas heat can also be recovered by integrating SRC and ORC power systems. Choi and Kim [73] studied a WHRS for the exhaust gases of a marine engine employing an integrated water trilateral cycle and ORC unit. Nielsen et al. [74] proposed to combine an ORC unit with a power system comprising: i) a device for the removal of sulfur oxides, and ii) a SRC unit using the exhaust gases and scavenge air heat. Si- milarly, Deniz [75] showed that adding an ORC unit to the existing SRC plant can reduce further (2%) the fuel consumption. Both simple and regenerated ORC power systems have been pro- posed to exploit the jacket water heat. Song et al. [76] used a simple layout to harvest the heat from the cooling system of a six-cylinder turbocharged marine engine. Faisal et al. [77] studied an ORC unit using R134a to recover the waste heat of the jacket cooling water of an engine in a container ship. Yang and Yeh [78] studied a regenerated ORC module recuperating the heat from the jacket water of large marine diesel engines. For the same application, Andreasen et al. [79] optimized the simple configuration using two different design methods. Yuksek and Mirmobin [55] presented a commercial ORC turbogen- erator, developed by Calnetix Technologies, to recover the jacket water heat of large vessels. Their ORC module had a simple layout (see Fig. 10b) and can be cooled using seawater without the use of an in- termediate loop. As for the integration among the different heat sources, a number of studies [80–82] investigated the performance of simple ORC units collecting the heat from the exhaust gases, scavenge air and jacket water, simultaneously. In these cases the working fluid is first preheated using the jacket water and scavenge air heat. Subsequently, evaporation takes place exploiting the exhaust gas energy. This case involves the study by Koroglu and Sogut [83], where an exergy analysis was per- formed on an ORC unit for WHR of a marine engine where the exhaust gases were used to evaporate and superheat the working fluid, which was partially preheated by the jacket cooling water. The layout 135PDF Image | organic Rankine cycle power systems for maritime applications
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