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Chapter 3: Experimental setups Scroll expander The selected expander is originally an oil-free open-drive air compressor (Figure 10). It is characterized by a high internal built-in volume ratio (close to 4), which is an advantage in ORC cycles, where pressure ratios are generally higher than in refrigeration cycles. The swept volume of the device is 148 cm3 in compressor mode. A valuable characteristics of this machine is the absence of lubrication, which avoids the need for an external pump and lubrication loop. The main drawback is the open-drive configuration: in compressor mode, air tightness between the inside and the outside of the compressor is not guaranteed. In the present application, this is not acceptable since a refrigerant is used instead of air. Figure 10: Air scroll compressor In order to reduce the peripheral leakage, an extra 0.8 mm seal (O-ring) is inserted under the original peripheral dust seal (Figure 11). The contact effort between the fixed and orbiting scroll bodies is also increased, at the expense of increased friction losses. Another modification brought to the compressor is the obstruction of its air- cooling circuit (air channel along the finned external envelope of the scroll). Cooling the vapor down is indeed advantageous in a compression process, but not in an expansion. Figure 11: Peripheral seal 6PDF Image | Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery and Solar Uses
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