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Chapter 5: Fluid selection and cycle optimization 5 Working fluid selection: The thermoeconomic approach The literature review regarding the "screening" fluid selection method highlighted the need to consider additional criteria to the sole thermodynamic efficiency. This section addresses this statement by proposing a fluid selection based on thermo-economic considerations, rather than on a simple thermodynamic objective function. This approach allows taking into account, through their cost, the effects of working fluid properties, such as the effect of the vapor density on the equipment size. This method will be described through a practical example. A first thermodynamic optimization will be performed according to the recommendations of Chapter 5.2. The same practical example will then be optimized with the thermoeconomic approach and the results of both methods will be compared. 5.1 Considered WHR ORC The simple ORC system integrates four basic components: an evaporator, an expander/alternator unit, a condenser and a working fluid pump. In this example, no recuperator is considered since it was shown above that this is not suitable for waste heat to power applications. The waste heat can be recovered by means of two different setups: 1. Direct heat exchange between waste heat source and working fluid. 2. A heat transfer fluid loop is integrated to transfer the heat from the waste heat side to the evaporator. In the present study, the heat source is considered to be a generic heat source recovered by a heat transfer fluid (HTF) loop. The considered system with its boundaries is shown in Figure 69. Figure 69: Considered WHR system The system boundary is the HTF loop (including its circulating pump) and the heat sink, considered to be cold water. Since the methodology proposed in this 18PDF Image | Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery and Solar Uses
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