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Advances in Engineering Research, volume 190 International Conference of CELSciTech 2019 - Science and Technology track (ICCELST-ST 2019) Design and Manufacturing of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) System Using R-134a as Working Fluid with Solar Collector as Source Energy Awaludin Martin Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Riau University Indonesia awaludinmartin01@gmail.com Romy Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Riau University Indonesia romy_pku@yahoo.com Abstract—Renewable energy sources such as solar heat, wind energy, geothermal, biomass and exhaust heat is one way to overcome the crisis of energy and environment in the world. Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a power generation system modified from Rankine Cycle by using organic liquid with low boiling point as working fluids such as R-134a, therefore various types of heat sources can be use. This research was design and manufacture organic Rankine cycle by using R-134a as working fluid with solar collector as the source of energy. The design of this research resulted in the length of the evaporator tube is 14.5 m, length of condenser is 13.9 m and the length of solar collector tube is 9.4 m. The helical Diameter of evaporator and condenser are 250 mm, and the high of helical evaporator 290 mm and condenser 280 mm. Organic Rankine cycle system is designed to produced 534.4 Watt, but when the experiment is carried out the system generates energy of 305 Watt with the efficiency of 4.30% Keywords—Organic Rankine Cycle, Power Generation, Heat Exchangers, Solar Collector I. INTRODUCTION Energy has a very important role in human life. Energy is the main support for national economic activities and is used as a tool to achieve social, economic and environmental goals. The rise of new industrial countries such as China and India, the increase in the world's population and, the advancement of science and technology, resulting in energy demand around the world is increasing slowly. Fossil fuels play the role of supplying most of the world's energy in the past century because it is cheap and convenient to use but has a bad impact on the environment such as global warming and acid rain [1]. The use of renewable energy sources such as solar heat, wind energy, geothermal, biomass and exhaust heat is a way to overcome the above issue [2], The sun is one of the inexhaustible sources of free energy for the planet Earth. At this time, technological progress is growing, one of which is to produce electrical energy from solar energy available on earth. This has been proven and can be seen widely throughout the world as a renewable and sustainable alternative. Theoretically, solar energy has the potential to meet the energy needs of the entire world if the technology for harvesting and supplying it is available. Nearly four million exajoules (1 EJ = 1018 J) solar energy reaches the earth each year and only about 5 × 104 EJ is claimed to be still being processed. Despite having great potential, the level of awareness of the the role of solar energy to supplies world energy needs is still being ignored [3]. To produce power from solar energy in general there are two methods used: (1) a photovoltaic (PV) system or commonly called a solar cell that is solar radiation energy is directly converted into electrical energy and (2) a solar thermal system where solar energy is used for carry out mechanical work through one of the commonly used power cycles, one of which is the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) by the way solar energy is used as a heating medium or heat is converted into work. [4]. Organic Rankine cycles (ORC) have the same work system as Rankine cycles, the difference between ORC and Rankine cycle is in the working fluid used. ORC are using organic liquid with low boiling point as working fluids, therefore various types of heat sources can be use. ORC also has simple structural characteristics, high reliability and easy maintenance [5]. The advantage of using ORC to generate power is that it can use the energy that should be wasted to be useful. Various low-level heat sources such as solar, biomass, engine waste heat, waste heat industry, and geothermal energy can be utilized using ORC. This can significantly reduce thermal pollution and consume fossil fuels [6]. Martin et al also conducted an ORC study where they used waste heat from electric steam power plant was used as a heat source, they built an ORC system with a power of 1 kW and produced an efficiency of 3.33% [7]. The aim of this research is to design and manufacturing an ORC system using R-134a as working fluid with the Solar Collector as an energy source. Clinton Naibaho Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Riau University Indonesia clinton22naibaho@gmail.com Iwan Kurniawan Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Riau University Indonesia iwan.ktm@gmail.com Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 38PDF Image | Solar R134A ORC organic rankine cycle
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