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containing brominated flame retardants, are reported in the literature [162]. Combustion and decomposition mechanisms have been presented for high-performance cured epoxy resins using phosphorous based fire retardants, as opposed to halogenated compounds. Results suggest that retardation is provided through the production of a char layer, reducing the diffusivity of highly reactive species, effectively stifling the fuel source [163]. Qualitative investigations have shown that the oxidation state of phosphorous is a contributing factor in determining the composition of the char layer formed, meanwhile the composition of the cross-linking agent may contribute to resin’s fire retardant properties [164]. The influence of the cross-linking agent has also been reported for halogenated flame retardant resins, with variations of up to 60 K in the decomposition temperature being recorded according to agent used [165]. The cross-linking agent may also affect the ability of the resin to release noxious compounds during pyrolysis and gasification processes, and as such material characterisation may be salient when evaluating recycling technologies [165, 166]. Aside from pyrolysis and gasification, thermal processing techniques for cured epoxy resins include solvolysis and hydrolysis. Research in this area has primarily focused on the recycling of printed circuit boards (PCB’s), which have been mass produced on a global scale and often use brominated resins [167]. PCB’s often contain high-purity metals, including precious metals, that would be useful to recover and recycle in addition to the organic constituents of the epoxy resin [168]. Hydrolysis using supercritical water (673 K, 25 MPa) has been carried out with the specific objective of recovering the metals and minimising the formation of char and tar-like polymer degradation products [169]. Debromination leads to the formation of hydrobromic acid in the aqueous phase with the major product of the organic phase being phenol [170]. With respect to high-performance applications there are some similarities between PEEK and epoxy resins, they are both used in the aerospace and 50PDF Image | Supercritical Fluids and Their Application to the Recycling of High-Performance Carbon Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials
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