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4. FLUID MODELLING OF CO2 DISSOCIATION 4.6. CONCLUSION in direct comparison of electrical characteristics with the calculations from the model be- cause of lack of knoweledge of the area of the filaments and also due to limited resolution of the electrical probes employed. To overcome these challenges further imaging studies to determine the area of the filament has to be conducted in conjunction with improving the accuracy of the electrical characteristics in general and current density in particular. 4.6 Conclusion In summary, CO2 conversion in a symmetric DBD has been analyzed in detail by em- ploying a spatially one-dimensional fluid model. From the self consistent calculations of discharge characteristics at one important condition, it has been observed that an asym- metry arises between the positive and negative half-cycles. Relatively slow recombina- tion of CO+2 ions, when compared with high frequencies usually employed, results in a difference in electric field between the half-cycles. In quasi-periodic state, the discharge in negative half-cycle produces a stronger discharge (in terms of current density, electon density etc.,) which results in a higher density of CO+2 ions, that recombine only slowly before the next half-cycle. While the electrons drift very fast to the walls in response to applied voltage, the ions that remain in the gas-gap reduce the electric field in the subsequent positive half-cycle. Hence, the discharge in positive half-cycle is weaker. Also, a difference exists between in negative charge carriers between positive and negat- ive half-cycles. Whereas electrons are the dominant negative charge carriers in negative half-cycle, it is CO–3 ions in the positive half-cycle. A significant amount of CO–3 ions are created in the negative half-cycle, but less than the density of electrons. While the electrons drift to the electrodes, CO–3 ions still remain in the gas gap; since only a weak discharge results in the subsequent positive half-cycle, CO–3 remains as the dominant charge carrier before slowly recombining. The differences observed between half-cycles with respect to ion densities, is also re- flected in CO2 dissociation mechanisms. The major channel of CO production has been found to be the electron impact dissociation and with minor contributions from dissoci- ative recombination of positive ions with electrons and dissociative electron attachment. Majorly CO2 dissociation happens during the occurrence of filament which hints at a small role played by the dissociative recombination. Although the contributions from dissociative recombination and dissociative electron attachment are roughly equal, dis- sociative recombination is mainly active in the bulk of the plasma where mean electron energies are low; electron attachment occurs more or less uniformly throughout the gas gap. 104PDF Image | Understanding CO2 containing non-equilibrium plasmas
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