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Table 1: Number of Digester Gas Wastewater CHP Systems and Total Capacity by State State Number of Sites Capacity (MW) AR 1 1.73 MT AZ 1 0.29 NE 3 1.09 3 5.40 1 0.37 4 8.72 6 3.01 3 16.29 State Number of Sites Capacity (MW) CA 33 CO 2 CT 2 FL 3 IA 2 ID 2 IL 2 IN 1 MA 1 MD 2 MI 1 MN 4 62.67 NH 7.07 NJ 0.95 NY 13.50 OH 3.40 OR 0.45 PA 4.58 TX 0.13 UT 18.00 WA 3.33 WI 0.06 WY 7.19 Total 104 189.8 10 6.42 3 1.99 1 4.20 2 2.65 5 5 2.02 1 0.03 14.18 Source: CHP Installation Database, ICF, June 2011 Table 1 shows that the states with the greatest number of CHP systems utilizing biogas are California (33), Oregon (10), New York (6), Washington (5), Wisconsin (5), Minnesota (4), and New Jersey (4). States with the greatest capacity are California (62.67 MW), Ohio (16.29 MW), Washington (14.18 MW), Florida (13.50 MW), and New Jersey (8.72 MW). These states include eight of the top 15 largest U.S. cities and six of the 15 most populous U.S. states, and therefore, tend to support the largest treatment facilities where CHP is most economically beneficial. Several of these states offer CHP incentives as well and tend to have higher retail electric rates, which can make CHP more attractive economically. Several types of CHP prime movers can be used to generate electricity and heat at WWTFs.13 Table 2 shows the CHP prime movers currently used at WWTFs that use digester gas as the primary fuel source. Table 2: Number of Sites and Capacity (MW) by CHP Prime Movers Prime Mover Number of Sites Capacity (MW) Reciprocating engine Microturbine Fuel cell Combustion turbine Steam turbine Combined cycle Total 54 85.8 29 5.2 13 7.9 5 39.9 1 23.0 1 28.0 104 189.8 Source: CHP Installation Database, ICF, June 2011 The most commonly used prime movers at WWTFs are reciprocating engines, microturbines, and fuel cells. The power capacities of these prime movers most closely match the energy content of biogas generated by digesters at typically sized WWTFs. Opportunities for using 13 Information about CHP prime movers, including cost and performance characteristics, can be found in the “Catalog of CHP Technologies.” Available at: http://www.epa.gov/chp/basic/catalog.html. 6PDF Image | Combined Heat and Power at Wastewater Treatment Facilities
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