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Energies 2020, 13, 6586 6 of 26 Exhaust process: with the rotor rotating, the working fluid enters the working chamber D. When D is connected to the exhaust port, the exhaust process begins. When the volume of D goes down to zero, this work cycle ends. 2.2. Research on Leakage of Screw Expander For the screw machine, due to many factors such as lubrication and installation accuracy, there is always some gap between the rotor and the rotor and between the rotor and the housing. Because of this gap, the leakage of the screw expander is inevitable. Leakage clearance size determines the size of the leakage, and the size of the leakage is the most important factor affecting the performance of the expander. Therefore, many scholars have conducted extensive research on the leakage of the screw mechanism. 2.2.1. Research on Screw Mechanical Leakage Fong et al. [14] proposed a new mathematical procedure for calculating the inter-lobe clearance between two screw rotors, and described the clearance field with the iso-clearance contour diagram (ICCD). The geometrical and kinematical relations of mating rotors were calculated by the theory of gearing and the tooth contact analysis (TCA), and the contact lines and the approximate blowhole were calculated by TCA. JanPrins et al. [15] used the method of an experiment to measure the size of the housing sealing line gap that directly related to the rotor profile, and the indicated diagram of leakage gap size was obtained by analyzing the experimental data. The analysis and discussion of the influence of leakage on the compression line of the indicator diagram were emphasized. Based on the assumption of a uniform property annular-shaped region at the labyrinth entrance, Yafen Tian et al. [16] proposed a method for leakage flow rate prediction at the discharge end-face of twin-screw compressors. Assumption of such a region was the key aspect in the construction of an equivalent network of end-face leakage flows, in which the labyrinth entrance zone is a node. Using mass and energy conservation laws, the thermo-physical properties of the average-state region (ASR), the leakage paths flow rates were determined. Energies 2020, 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW 7 of 26 2.2.2. Computer-Assisted Application in Leakage Research 2.2.2. Computer-Assisted Application in Leakage Research The leakage characteristics of twin screw compressor were studied by using the calculation design The leakage characteristics of twin screw compressor were studied by using the calculation software (SCCAD) of a screw compressor. According to the structural characteristics of the twin screw design software (SCCAD) of a screw compressor. According to the structural characteristics of the compressor, Xing et al. [17] defined the leakage channels (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5) of the five twin screw twin screw compressor, Xing et al. [17] defined the leakage channels (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5) of the five compressors, as shown in Figure 5 and established the mathematical model of leakage channel with twin screw compressors, as shown in Figure 5 and established the mathematical model of leakage the leakage characteristic. Additionally, the length of leakage channel, the leakage area and the leakage channel with the leakage characteristic. Additionally, the length of leakage channel, the leakage area amount were calculated by using the SCCAD software, and the influence of leakage flow rate of each and the leakage amount were calculated by using the SCCAD software, and the influence of leakage leakage channel on mechanical efficiency was analyzed and calculated. flow rate of each leakage channel on mechanical efficiency was analyzed and calculated. Figure 5. The schematic diagram of leakage channel. Figure 5. The schematic diagram of leakage channel. To analyze the geometrical parameters screw expander rotor, Qi et al. [18] used Pro/Engineer (PROE) software to establish a three-dimensional geometrical model of twin screw expander and to measure the change of base element volume, inlet orifice area and leakage area with the rotation angle of the male rotor. Then, according to the geometric parameters, a thermodynamic model based on continuity and energy conservation equation is established.PDF Image | Development and Application of the Twin Screw Expander
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