PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 006
Geomech. Geophys. Geo-energ. Geo-resour. (2020)6:19 Page 5 of 9 19 also have high disposal cost. Due to the lack of knowledge and technology, such type of resource was not utilized in the past. However, with the technolog- ical advancement, co-produced water is being consid- ered as a geothermal resource (Liu et al. 2015). Some of them are discussed below. 4.1 Teapot Dome oilfield, Wyoming, USA Teapot Dome Oil Field, also known as Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 3 (NPR-3), is located north of Casper, Wyoming and has been commercially producing oil since 1920. The field was fully devel- oped in 1976 with estimated formation temperature of * 110 °C. Some of the wells produced hot water with temperature range from 82 to 93 °C from 1524 m depth. In this area basement fracture granites were reported at the depth of 2134 m. Therefore, the water temperature in this area could exceed 121 °C with the potential of 76 MW at 104 °C (Milliken 2007). Ormat designed an air-cooled Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) geothermal power plant at this field in August 2008, which can produce power from relatively low water temperature of 77 °C (Johnson and Walker 2010). This power plant has the installed capacity of 250 kW unit and would produce the net power of 132 kW with the efficiency of 97% (Johnson and Walker 2010). It was the first-time that co-produced water from the oil field was utilized for geothermal power generation. 4.2 Huabel oilfield, China The Huabel oilfield is situated in the Hebei province of northern China. The formation temperature of this field is about 120 °C with co-produced water temper- ature at 110 °C and geothermal gradient is 35 °C/km (Gong et al. 2011). In April 2011, a 400 kW binary geothermal power plant was installed in this area (Gong et al. 2011; Liu et al. 2018). 5 Design for heat recovery from oil–gas field 5.1 Downhole heat exchanger (DHE) The existing abandoned oil and gas wells could be converted into geothermal well by applying double- pipe heat exchanger in a single well (Fig. 3) and therefore, reducing the risk of corrosion, scaling, and 3.3 Cambay basin The Cambay Basin is a narrow, elongated, intracra- tonic rift basin located at the western margin of India and covers an area of 53,500 sq. km (Dwivedi 2016; Majumdar and Nasipuri 2008). Seismic and drilled well data indicate a thickness of about 8 km of Tertiary sediments resting over the Deccan Volcanics (NDR 2015). Several wells have been drilled of the depth range from 500 to 5500 m for hydrocarbon exploration and development in this basin with the bottom hole temperature varying from 48 to 214 °C. The maximum temperature 214 °C was encountered at a depth of 5500 m (Sonam and Kumar 2013). The Cambay basin has high heat flow value varying between 75 to 93 mW/m2 with an average value of 83 mW/m2 (Majumdar and Nasipuri 2008; Thiagara- jan et al. 2001) and geothermal gradient ranges from 27 to 37 °C/km (Negi et al. 1992; Sonam and Kumar 2013). 3.4 Cauvery basin The Cauvery Basin is a Mesozoic rift basin situated in the south-eastern part of the Indian peninsula, cover- ing an area of 25,000 sq. km onland and 22,500 sq. km offshore (Chari et al. 1995; Chaudhuri et al. 2009). The thickness of sediment in the basin varies from 1 to 6 km; sub-basins in the north-eastern part recorded more than 6 km of sediments (Chari et al. 1995). For hydrocarbon exploration in the basin, ONGC has drilled several wells in the depth range of 3500 to 5500 m and recorded the bottom hole temperature ranging from 90 to 120 °C (Chaudhuri et al. 2009). The cratonic heat flow value on the basin margin ranges from 37 to 55 mW/m2 (Chaudhuri et al. 2009; Roy and Rao 2000). 4 Power generation from oilfields There are few preliminary studies and pilot power plants working in the hydrocarbon fields for heat extraction. These oilfields are mainly associated with the co-produced water from deep and/or shallow hydrocarbon wells with high temperature. During production from the oilfield, a large amount of hot water is also co-produced routinely. This hot water is not convenient to be utilized for general purpose and 123PDF Image | Geothermal energy potential of Indian oilfields
PDF Search Title:
Geothermal energy potential of Indian oilfieldsOriginal File Name Searched:
GeothermalenergypotentialofIndianoilfieldsSingh2020.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |