PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 172
required to remove the ice was measured with a load cell. Reich could calculate adhesion force with a simple mathematical formula. In these tests, the Dow coating also came out on top, displaying fairly repeatable adhesive strength that increased only slightly with a number of ice removals. While the Goodrich tests were encouraging, Anderson knew that impact ice had dif- ferent physical characteristics than static ice. In an attempt to obtain quantifiable results with impact ice in the IRT, he employed in the next series of tests a shear rig that had been developed at the University of Akron by R. L. Scavuzzo and M. L. Chu. Based on the earlier NASA device, it used a 1-inch-diameter cylinder that would be coated with test material and mounted inside a thin sleeve. A window that was cut from the sleeve exposed a portion of the cylinder to the icing cloud. Ice accreting on the sleeve bonded the cylinder to the sleeve at the window. Once the ice had accreted, the cylinder-sleeve assembly was removed and placed on a stand. The cylinder was then forced through the sleeve by a hydraulic press acting through a load cell. The force required to free the cylinder was recorded on a strip chart. Anderson soon found that the mechanism suffered from two major problems. Ice sometimes caused adjoining cylinder-sleeve assemblies to stick together, making disas- sembly difficult. Also, the cylinder often separated from the sleeve when removed from the test stand, especially with low adhesion coatings. As a result, no measurements could be obtained. In the end, Anderson considered the data that he obtained from the shear rig tests to be unreliable. NASA technicians managed to devise a test stand that permitted shear-force meas- urements to be made in the tunnel without disturbing the coating specimens. Two coatings stood out in the subsequent tests. Both the Dow “Anti-Stick” coating and a fluoropolymer-based DuPont coating reduced adhesive strength by 30 to 50 percent. These results were confirmed in the Goodrich tunnel. At this point, NASA concluded its work on the ice-phobic project, leaving Goodrich and the chemical companies to develop further a practical low-adhesive coating.12 One of the most innovative uses of the IRT during the 1990s came with tests of the effects of lightning strikes on radomes. Because radomes were constructed from non- electrically conducting materials, they were vulnerable to being punctured or shattered by lightning strikes. To minimize this danger, radomes initially had been fitted with an arrangement of solid metal bars, called diverters, that would conduct the lightning safely to the airframe. Newer protection devices—segmented diverters—accomplished the same purpose but caused less interference with radar performance. Verification of the The 1990s 12 Anderson interview; David N. Anderson and Allen D. Reich, “Tests of the Performance of Coatings for Low Ice Adhesion,” NASA TM 107399 (1997). 161PDF Image | History of NASA Icing Research Tunnel
PDF Search Title:
History of NASA Icing Research TunnelOriginal File Name Searched:
sp4226.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)