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Energies 2020, 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW 3 of 19 higher pressure and reaches state 2. Meanwhile, the secondary compressor compresses the rest of the Energies 2020, 13, 5043 3 of 20 CO2, which starts at the same pressure, but higher temperature and reaches state 2a. Figure 1. Schematic of a standard sCO2 Brayton cycle with recuperation and recompression showing tFhiegvuarerio1u.sScshtaetmeaptoicinotfsainstahnedsayrsdtesmC.O2Braytoncyclewithrecuperationandrecompressionshowing the various state points in the system. The initial CO2 from state 2 is preheated in the low temperature recuperator and reaches state TheinitialCO fromstate2ispreheatedinthelowtemperaturerecuperatorandreachesstate 2 2a where the two CO2 streams combine. The complete stream is then further preheated in the high 2a where the two CO streams combine. The complete stream is then further preheated in the 2 temperature recuperator and reaches state 3. Further heat addition from external sources like high temperature recuperator and reaches state 3. Further heat addition from external sources like combustion of a fuel or a concentrating solar thermal heat transfer fluid via a heat exchanger brings combustion of a fuel or a concentrating solar thermal heat transfer fluid via a heat exchanger brings the CO2 to state 4. For the purposes of the analysis here, we use combustion of methane to generate theCO tostate4.Forthepurposesoftheanalysishere,weusecombustionofmethanetogenerate 2 the heat in order to provide the most direct comparison with the FFCTH system. A turbine extracts the heat in order to provide the most direct comparison with the FFCTH system. A turbine extracts mechanical energy from the sCO2 stream between state 4 to state 5. The turbine exit stream preheats mechanicalenergyfromthesCO streambetweenstate4tostate5.Theturbineexitstreampreheats the incoming CO2 streams in the2 high temperature recuperator, reaching state 5a, and in the low the incoming CO streams in the high temperature recuperator, reaching state 5a, and in the low temperature recup2erator, reaching state 6. Heat rejection to the environment or for external temperature recuperator, reaching state 6. Heat rejection to the environment or for external processing processing heating occurs in the pre-cooler, to return to state 1. Cooling the exhaust from the heating occurs in the pre-cooler, to return to state 1. Cooling the exhaust from the combustor and combustor and supplying thermal energy to the sCO2 turbine cycle facilitates maximizing the supplyingthermalenergytothesCO turbinecyclefacilitatesmaximizingtheelectricalefficiency. electrical efficiency. 2 The electrical efficiency of the standard sCO cycle (η ) given in Figure 1 is represented in The electrical efficiency of the standard sCO2 cycle (ηSSSGGT)T given in Figure 1 is represented in Equation(1),wherem. isthetotalCO massflowrateinthecycle.Thespecificenthalpiesofstates Equation (1), where CO2 is the total CO2 mass flow rate in the cycle. The specific enthalpies of states 1,2,2a,4,5,and6,areh ,h ,h ,h ,h ,andh ,respectively. Thecoefficients0.53and0.47arethemass 1 2 2a 4 5 6 1, 2, 2a, 4, 5, and 6, are h1, h2, h2a, h4, h5, and h6, respectively. The coefficients 0.53 and 0.47 are the mass fractionofCO enteringthemaincompressorandsecondarycompressor,respectively.Themassflow fraction of CO2 entering the main compressor and secondary compressor, respectively. The mass flow 2. rateofmethanerequiredtoprovidethenecessarythermalenergyism ,andHHV isthehigherheating rate of methane required to provide the necessary thermal energyfis , andfHHVf is the higher value of methane. PCC is the total electrical power required for CO2 compression during sequestration. heating value of methane. PCC is the total electrical power required for CO2 compression during Previous literature has shown that the specific power required for compression and refrigeration of sequestration. Previous literature has shown that the specific power required for compression and CO forsequestrationat15Baris107kW/kgCO [41],whichisusedinthiswork.Thispoweriskept 22 refrigeration of CO2 for sequestration at 15 Bar is 107 kW/kg CO2 [41], which is used in this work. zero when sequestration is not assessed. This power is kept zero when sequestration is not assessed. . (h −h )−0.47(h −h )−0.53(h −h )− m [(h−h)−0.47(h−h)−0.53(h−h)]−P ɳ = CO2 4 5 2a 6 2 1 CC (1) SSGT . = mfHHVf (1)PDF Image | Hybrid Fuel Cell Supercritical CO2 Brayton Cycle CO2 Storage
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