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Energies 2021, 14, 365 10 of 13 Figure 2. Environmental impact indicator assessment of PCM alternatives. Conversely to the impacts generated in the equipment manufacturing, substantial GHG savings can be caused by reducing natural gas consumption. In this sense, Table 4 contains the GHG emissions saved per year (values on the left in Figure 2) as a consequence of the natural gas reduction due to the PCM-TES that must be extracted, transported, and burnt to accomplish the furnace requirements. If those values are accumulated during the lifespan, an aggregated GHG reduction around 2320 tCO2eq. is obtained for PCM-HS1 and 2100 tCO2eq. for PCM-HS2. For the metal alloy alternatives, the avoided GHG emissions are approximately 1700 tCO2eq. 4. Discussion and Conclusions The adaptability and the flexibility of a PCM-TES solution were discussed to highlight the influence of the PCM thermo-physical properties and the system design. In this vein, a parametric and sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the techno-economic per- formance of the PCM-TES solution under representative working conditions of EII sector. As a result, a set of correlation equations of the most relevant parameters of the system performance was established as the core of a pre-feasibility tool. The PCM nature/composition and properties involved notable changes in the per- formance of the overall system. Several organic and inorganic PCMs were identified and included in the tool database. Moreover, metal-alloy alternatives for high-temperature storage (between 300 and 1000 ◦C) were highlighted by an exhaustive literature review, namely, magnesium, copper, zinc, and aluminium alloys. The PCM database could be further increased with new materials and compounds with the information indicated by the providers regarding the thermo-physical properties and costs. The presented DSS tool, which is more straightforward than the computational mod- elling, is capable of selecting a suitable PCM for the operating conditions under study and estimating the performance of the PCM-TES configuration. This assessment highlighted that an appropriate design, material selection, and sizing are crucial parameters to obtain energy and economic benefits. It was discussed under a multicriteria evaluation on how to select the most profitable system for a specific production plant depending on the working operation conditions. Moreover, different types of PCMs were evaluated and compared in a study case. The tool results concerning metal alloys and inorganic hydrated salts analysed the behaviourPDF Image | Latent Heat Storage for Waste Heat Recovery in the Energy Industry
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