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Bioenergy Bioenergy for electricity generation offers a suite of options, spanning a wide range of feedstocks and technologies. Where low-cost feedstocks are available – such as by-products from agricultural or forestry processes onsite – they can provide highly competitive, dispatchable electricity. For bioenergy projects newly commissioned in 2019, the global weighted-average total installed cost was USD 2141/kW (Figure 1.9). This represented an increase on the 2018 weighted-average of USD 1693/kW, which is itself a revised figure, substantially lower than the USD 2 150/kW published in 2019. Due to the heterogeneity of bioenergy feedstock and technology costs – and the typically higher technology costs in OECD countries – annual global weighted-averages are strongly influenced by the technology mix and geographical location of where plants are commissioned. Outside the OECD countries, the combustion of sugar cane bagasse wood waste and other vegetal or agricultural wastes uses proven, low-cost technologies. As a result, non-OECD countries typically have lower average installed costs. For instance, the weighted-average total installed cost of bioenergy projects in the IRENA Renewable Cost Database is USD 1578/kW for China and USD 1 368/kW for India, while it is USD 3 179/kW for Europe and USD 4 329/kW in North America. Capacity factors for bioenergy plants are very heterogeneous and are typically driven by the availability of low-cost feedstocks. Between 2010 and 2019, the global weighted-average capacity factor for bioenergy projects varied between a low of 64% in 2012 to a high of 86% in 2017. The widest variation in capacity factors is observed where feedstocks are agricultural or forestry wastes or residues, with the variation for bagasse being notable for ranging from 24% (5th percentile of projects) to 89% (95th percentile). With a greater share of projects commissioned in non-OECD countries utilising waste streams, where availability is often low outside certain seasons, weighted-average capacity factors in Europe and North America (81% and 84% respectively) are higher than in China (64%), India (68%) and the rest of the world (66%). The wide range of bioenergy-fired power generation technologies, feedstock costs and their availability results in a broad range of observed LCOEs for bioenergy electricity generation projects. Figure 1.9 Global weighted average total installed costs, capacity factors and LCOE for bioenergy power, 2010-2019 LATEST COST TRENDS 10 000 9 000 8 000 7 000 6 000 5000 4 000 3 000 2000 1 000 0 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 74.3% 75.5% 74.7% 76.4% 70.0% 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.076 Total installed cost Capacity factor 85,8% 67.2% Levelised cost of electricity 71.7% 68.1% 64.5% 0.081 0.082 3 028 1 495 0.072 0.073 0.072 2 588 1 302 2 982 2 592 2 897 2175 0.05 0.00 0.055 0.061 0.066 0.057 2 141 1 693 Source: IRENA Renewable Cost Database. 35 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2019 USD/kW Capacity factor 2019 USD/kWhPDF Image | RENEWABLE POWER GENERATION COSTS IN 2019
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