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9 000 8 000 7 000 6 000 5 000 4 000 3 000 2 000 1 000 0 100% 80% 60% 89.0% 84.9% 85.4% 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.049 0.00 Total installed cost 5 254 Capacity factor Levelised cost of electricity 87.0% 83.3% 82.4% 84.1% 81.0% 79.4% 3 829 4 171 3728 3671 3916 40% 0.085 0.066 0.064 0.070 0.0740.0720.073 0.060 3 570 3 496 2 588 20% 0% RENEWABLE POWER GENERATION COSTS 2019 The weighted-average LCOE of biomass-fired electricity generation projects commissioned in 2019 was USD 0.066/kWh – a figure up on the 2018 value, but otherwise lower than all but three years over the period 2010 to 2019, inclusive. Looking at all the data in the IRENA Renewable Cost Database, so as to smooth out annual variations in technology deployment by country and region, the weighted-average LCOE ranged from a low of USD 0.057/kWh in India and USD 0.059/kWh in China, to highs of USD 0.08/kWh in Europe and USD 0.099/kWh in North America. The higher electricity costs in in Europe and North America reflect the more advanced technology choices, but also the more stringent emissions controls and higher feedstock costs. Having said this, where capital costs are relatively low – and low-cost feedstocks are available – bioenergy can provide competitively priced, dispatchable electricity generation with an LCOE as low as USD 0.03/kWh, even in OECD countries, particularly when they are combined heat and power plants. Geothermal Geothermal is a mature, commercially available technology that can provide low-cost baseload capacity in areas with very good high-temperature geothermal resources, close to the Earth’s surface. Around 680 MW of new geothermal power generation capacity was commissioned in 2019, making it the best year for new capacity additions since the 655 MW added in 2015. Yet, additions remain modest compared to other technologies, except CSP. On average, relative to solar PV and onshore wind, geothermal power is more capital intensive, but can be comparable or have lower installed costs than offshore wind and CSP. The global weighted-average LCOE of newly commissioned geothermal plants was USD 0.049/kWh in 2010, with this rising to USD 0.085/kWh in 2012, while between 2013 and 2018, the average was between USD 0.06/kWh and USD 0.07/kWh (Figure 1.10). Figure 1.10 Global weighted average total installed costs, capacity factors and LCOE for geothermal power, 2010-2019 Source: IRENA Renewable Cost Database. 36 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2019 USD/kW Capacity factor 2019 USD/kWhPDF Image | RENEWABLE POWER GENERATION COSTS IN 2019
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