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feedstock rely on technologies with higher capital costs, as more expensive technologies are used to ensure local pollutant emissions are reduced to acceptable levels. Excluding these projects – which are typically not the largest – reduces the weighted average LCOE in Europe and North America by around USD 0.01/kWh and narrows the gap with the LCOE of non-OECD regions. Figure 7.7 presents the LCOE and capacity factor by project and weighted averages for bagasse, landfill gas, rice husks and other vegetal and agricultural waste used as feedstock for bioenergy-fired power generation projects. It shows how the dynamic relationship between feedstock availability influences the economic optimum for a project. This shows through clearly in the data for bagasse plants. Over a capacity factor of 30%, there is no strong relation between capacity factors and the LCOE of projects. This indicates that the availability of a continuous stream of feedstock allows for higher capacity factors, but is not necessarily more economic, if it means that low-cost seasonal agricultural residues need to be supplemented by more expensive feedstocks. Importantly, the LCOE of these projects is comparable to projects relying on more generic, woody biomass feedstocks, such as wood pellets and chips, that can be more readily purchased year-round. Thus, access to low-cost feedstock offsets the impact on LCOE of lower capacity factors. For projects using other vegetal and agricultural wastes as the primary feedstock, the data tends to suggest that there is correlation between higher capacity factors and lower LCOE’s in developing countries, given that the higher cost projects with capacity factors above 80% are located in OECD countries. Figure 7.7 LCOE and capacity factor by project of selected feedstocks for bioenergy power generation projects, 2000-2019 BIOENERGY Bagasse Landfill gas 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0% Capacity factor 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Other vegetal and agricultural waste Rice husks 0% 20% 40% 60% Capacity (MW) 80% 100% 0% Capacity factor 1 100 200 20% 40% 60% ≥ 300 80% 100% Source: IRENA Renewable Cost Database. 119 2019 USD/kWh 2019 USD/kWhPDF Image | RENEWABLE POWER GENERATION COSTS IN 2019
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