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Reuse and Recycling of Batteries Employed in Electric Vehicles

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Reuse and Recycling of Batteries Employed in Electric Vehicles ( reuse-and-recycling-batteries-employed-electric-vehicles )

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16% 10% 10% 16% NMC LCO NCA LMO LFP Figure 6 Projected Share of Different Li-Ion Battery Chemistries by 202526 Tables 5 and 6, taken from a presentation at an EV battery recycling business meeting in Norway in June, 2019, show the expected evolution of NMC battery chemistries from 2015 to 2030, reflecting a projected decrease in overall cobalt content. The projections show that while cathode chemistries will move to NMC622 and NMC811, overall li-ion batteries are still anticipated to contain about 3.2% cobalt on average by 2030. Table 5 Evolution of Lithium Battery Chemistries (2015-2030)27 48% 2015 2020 NMC 433 5% 19% NMC 622 2% 4% 2025 2030 20% 12% 15% 33% NMC 111 90% 60% 25% 17% NMC 532 3% 15% 30% 12% NMC 811 0% 2% 10% 26% Table 6 Evolution of Cobalt Content in Lithium Batteries (2015 – 2030) 28 2015 2020 2025 2030 In anticipation of increasing demand for NMC811 cathodes in the future, LG Chem and SK Innovation are 26 Zaheer, H. February 28, 2019. “Evolution of Li-ion Batteries: From the Garage to the Grid.” 27 Chanson, C. 12 June 2019. “Business opportunities and risks for the recycling industry.” PowerPoint Presentation. 28 ibid KELLEHER RESEARCH STUDY ON REUSE AND RECYCLING OF BATTERIES EMPLOYED IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES FINAL REPORT SEPTEMBER, 2019 PAGE 15 Cobalt content 4.4% 4.2% 3.6% 3.2%

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