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Nanomaterials (Graphene) in Battery Cells Graphene properties such as hardness, flexibility and very high thermal and electrical conductivity, make it suitable for use in battery cells. Phosphorous Encapsulated Nano-Tube Electrodes37 Toyohashi University in Japan has proposed phosphorous encapsulated nano-tube electrodes. The claim is that they have doubled charging capacity during experimentation and the cells maintained high structural integrity after repeat charges. The technology is very much at the experimental stage. 3.9 Projections of Future Cost of EV Batteries The impacts of battery chemistry on EV battery costs is shown in Figure 7. Significant research efforts are focused on cost reduction through battery chemistry modifications, thereby making the EV more cost-competitive with ICE vehicles. As discussed elsewhere, the crossover point for price parity between EV and ICE models is believed to be when EV batteries reach a cost of $100/kWh. Figure 7 Effect of Change in EV Battery Chemistry on Costs of EV Batteries38 Figures 8 and 9 show various projections of EV battery costs to 2030. The figures show the dramatic reduction in li-ion battery costs from about $1,200/kWh in 2010 to less than $400/kWh in 2015 and values below $200/kWh today. 37 AZoNano. May 15, 2018. “Phosphorous-Encapsulated Carbon Nanotubes Enhance Performance of Li-Ion Batteries.”PDF Image | Reuse and Recycling of Batteries Employed in Electric Vehicles
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