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Figure 12 Audi’s Battery Storage Unit on Berlin EUREF Campus54 From the table, the types of reuse options already in place for EOL EV batteries include: • Reuse in EVs; • Reuse of cells or packs in other battery applications (e.g., drones, wheelchairs, etc.); • Residential energy storage (combined with solar PV system); • Commercial and industrial (C&I) energy storage; • Grid scale energy storage; • Energy storage for renewable energy systems (solar and wind); • Back-up power; and • EV charging (stationary or mobile). Examples of these applications are provided in the sections that follow. 4.2.1 ReuseinEVs The supply chain for EOL EV batteries is controlled by auto dismantlers and auto manufacturers, with auto repair shops and auto mechanics feeding in small amounts of EOL EV batteries. A refurbishment and reuse business exists for EV batteries, sometimes carried out by do-it-yourselfers, informal recyclers and small businesses. Auto dismantlers who receive an EOL EV battery generally try to sell the EV battery to auto dealers or auto repair shops, and in some cases to brokers. It is not known what the brokers do with the EOL EV batteries but it is assumed that they deploy them to various reuse applications where the most money can be made. 54 “Audi Opens Battery Storage Unit on Berlin EUREF Campus.” May 24, 2019.PDF Image | Reuse and Recycling of Batteries Employed in Electric Vehicles
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