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American Manganese is part of a consortium involved in the Lithium Ion Battery Disassembly, Remanufacturing and Lithium and Cobalt Recovery Project lead by the Critical Materials Institute (CMI) which in turn is an Energy Innovation Hub, led by Ames Laboratory and supported by the US DOE, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Advanced Manufacturing Office. Other partners in the consortium include Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Idaho National Lab (INL)148, Purdue University, and Case Western Reserve University. The company signed a MOU with Battery Safety Solutions (BSS) of the Netherlands in December, 2018 to use BSS technology to discharge li-ion EV batteries.149 After discharging the batteries, American Manganese processes the cathodes for direct cathode, or cathode-to-cathode recycling. Their current efforts are focused on NMC and NCA chemistries. They take metal salts of nickel, cobalt and manganese, recover these from cathodes and reformulate the recovered chemical mixtures to meet battery manufacturers’ specifications. This reduces production costs for the battery manufacturers, as a reported 50%+ of the material costs in EV batteries is from the cathode.150 American Manganese’s li-ion process originated from the development of the company’s Artillery Peak manganese property in Arizona. The Company contracted Kemetco Research Inc. to develop a process that could recover electrolytic manganese metal (EMM) economically from a low-grade (2- 3%) manganese deposit. Kemetco was successful, and also was able to successfully produce working li- ion battery prototypes utilizing the chemical manganese dioxide (CMD) from Artillery Peak. Figure 22 American Manganese Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide Recovery Pilot Plant (by Kemetco) for Low-Grade Manganese Ores 148 Located in Idaho Falls, Idaho, the nation’s leading center for nuclear energy research and development performs work in energy systems, national security, science and environment. 149 Fitzgerald, D. December 11, 2018. “American Manganese takes step toward forming lithium-ion reuse partnership with Battery Safety Solutions.”PDF Image | Reuse and Recycling of Batteries Employed in Electric Vehicles
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