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The key components of the project are234: • a ‘triage’ system for used battery assessment; • fully autonomous gateway testing and robotic sorting; • an assessment of the relative engineering and economic gains for various second-life applications; • the development of recycling technologies to segregate and purify the different materials into a useful form for direct reuse in batteries or other applications (e.g., stationary energy storage); • life cycle analysis and techno-economic assessment of each recycling route developed; • development of new business models to promote the collection and sorting of batteries; • review of the regulatory framework for battery recycling in the UK and analysis of which EU waste laws should be retained law in the UK after Brexit; and • full characterization of active materials from cells near and at EOL and recycled materials recovered from used batteries, with respect to chemical composition (elemental concentration and distribution), particle size and morphology. The project is expected to be complete in 2021. Within the framework of The Faraday Institute, a large number of smaller projects are also being carried out, including the lifetime extension of batteries (Advanced battery life extension), modular battery packs (AmplifII-2), new smart BMS (BABE), new recycling method for EV batteries (CALIBER), re- manufacturing of batteries (R2Lib), as well as efficient value chains for re-manufacturing and recycling of EV batteries (VALUABLE).235 7.2.2 EUInnovationDeal In March 2018, the EU Commission made a deal with eight partners to review regulations governing EV battery recycling and reuse scenarios.236 This Innovation Deal, titled “From e-mobility to recycling: the virtuous loop of the electric vehicle”, will analyze whether existing EU law hinders the recycling or reuse of EV propulsion batteries and will also look at any issues in the transposition of these laws to national and regional level.237 The partners will also investigate possible ways of overcoming barriers to the use of such batteries in a second-life application, and evaluate their feasibility to implement. The main objective of this Innovation Deal is to make the use of propulsion batteries more environmentally and industrially efficient, as well as to increase access to EVs by reducing their total cost,which canbedonethroughoptimizingbatteryusagethroughitsfulllifecycle.238 234The Faraday Institution. “Recycling and Reuse.”PDF Image | Reuse and Recycling of Batteries Employed in Electric Vehicles
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