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SUPERCRITICAL CO2 CYCLES FOR GAS TURBINE COMBINED CYCLE

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SUPERCRITICAL CO2 CYCLES FOR GAS TURBINE COMBINED CYCLE ( supercritical-co2-cycles-for-gas-turbine-combined-cycle )

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concentrated solar power (CSP) systems [9,10]. The advantages of sCO2 thermodynamic power cycles have also been studied for waste and exhaust heat recovery [11,12] and oxyfuel combustion cycles for primary power [13]. Many of these early studies were focused on theoretical cycle development, although significant advances have been made in laboratory-scale experimental systems [14,15]. A sCO2 cycle can take many forms, depending upon the application. The simplest practical form of a sCO2 cycle, known as the “simple recuperated cycle,” is shown in Figure 1. The fluid is compressed from a state that is either a liquid, or in a high density supercritical state, into a state that is well above (typically 3-4 times) the critical pressure. The fluid then undergoes a sequence of both internal and external heat additions, until it has reached the highest temperature in the cycle at the turbine inlet(s). At this point, the fluid is expanded through one or more turbines, generating shaft work that can be converted to power, and/or used to drive additional equipment. As the overall cycle pressure ratio is low, significant enthalpy remains available in the turbine exhaust. To recover this heat, one or more internal heat exchangers (recuperators) are used to transfer the heat into the fluid at the high pressure state. Any residual fluid enthalpy is then rejected to the environment, allowing the fluid to return to the initial state in the cycle at the pump1 inlet. 1 Note that we use the term “pump” to refer to the device that increases the pressure at the lowest temperature point in the cycle, whether the fluid at the inlet is liquid or a supercritical fluid. See [1] for a more detailed description of the nomenclature challenges associated with this cycle. 3

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