The Smart Grid: An Estimation of the Energy and CO2 Benefits

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the total at the40% penetration level, and they are still the largest category at nearly 50% of the total at the 20% penetration level. Table 4.3. Smart Grid Energy Savings and Avoided CO2 Emissions Summary (2030) Topic Dynamic Pricing with Automation (Load Shifting) Dynamic Pricing with Automation (Energy Efficiency) In-Home Displays Energy Savings, 2030 CO2 Emission Reductions,(a) 2030 (TWh) (MMT) Conservative Scenario -- Based on AMI NA 3 NA 99 NA 51 Expanded Scenario – Conservative Scenario plus Increased Renewables and Storage Integrated Renewable and Storage (Cleaner Generation) Integrated Renewable and Storage (Reduced Losses) (a) Based on power sector emissions of 3000 MMT A brief description of the topics: NA 297 NA 21 • Dynamic Pricing with Automation (Load Shifting) provides the reduction in peak load capacity through dynamic pricing with automating technologies. • Dynamic Pricing with Automation (Energy Efficiency) provides the reduction in energy consumption through dynamic pricing with automating technologies. • In-Home Displays provide the reduction in energy consumption through physical displays of the dynamic pricing. • Integrated Renewable and Storage (Cleaner Generation) provides the effect of using lower-emission renewable generating and associated storage technologies. • Integrated Renewable and Storage (Reduced Losses) provides the reduced losses due to the use of distributed renewable generating and associated storage technologies. 4.2 Comparison A comparison of the three studies is difficult at best due to differences in number and definition/scope of the topics, analysis assumptions and methods, baseline data, and the time periods used to convey the reductions. The percentage reductions shown in Table 4.4 help remove the temporal component, but the above differences among the individual mechanisms examined in the four studies still makes a strict comparison tenuous. 4.5

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