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Tribo-Charging during Powder in Selective Laser Sintering

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Tribo-Charging during Powder in Selective Laser Sintering ( tribo-charging-during-powder-selective-laser-sintering )

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Polymers 2019, 11, 609 12 of 12 26. Mielicki, C.; Gronhoff, B.; Wortberg, J. Effects of laser sintering processing time and temperature on changes in polyamide 12 powder particle size, shape and distribution. In Proceedings of the PPS-29: The 29th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society—Conference Papers, Nuremberg, Germany, 15–19 July 2013; American Institute of Physics: College Park, MD, USA, 2014; pp. 728–731. 27. Pham, D.T.; Dotchev, K.D.; Yusoff, W.A.Y. Deterioration of polyamide powder properties in the laser sintering process. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part C J. Mech. Eng. Sci. 2008, 222, 2163–2176. [CrossRef] 28. Neagoe, M.B.; Prawatya, Y.E.; Zeghloul, T.; Dascalescu, L. Electric-potential-measurement-based methodology for estimation of electric charge density at the surface of tribocharged insulating slabs. J. Electrost. 2017, 90, 123–130. [CrossRef] 29. Epping, R.H.; Kuettner, A. Free air beam in an electric field for determination of the electrostatic charge of powders between 1 and 200 μm. J. Electrost. 2002, 55, 279–288. [CrossRef] 30. Apodaca, M.M.; Wesson, P.J.; Bishop, K.J.M.; Ratner, M.A.; Grzybowski, B.A. Contact electrification between identical materials. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 2010, 49, 946–949. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 31. Bunker, M.J.; Davies, M.C.; James, M.B.; Roberts, C.J. Direct observation of single particle electrostatic charging by atomic force microscopy. Pharm. Res. 2007, 24, 1165–1169. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 32. Gady, B.; Reifenberger, R.; Rimai, D.S. Contact electrification studies using atomic force microscope techniques. J. Appl. Phys. 1998, 84, 319–322. [CrossRef] 33. Knorr, N. Squeezing out hydrated protons: Low-frictional-energy triboelectric insulator charging on a microscopic scale. AIP Adv. 2011, 1, 22119. [CrossRef] 34. Berndt, H. Elektrostatik. Ursachen, Wirkungen, Schutzmaßnahmen, Messungen, Prüfungen, Normung, 3rd ed.; VDE-Verlag: Berlin, Germany, 2009. 35. Lanzl, L.; Greiner, S.; Wudy, K.; Drummer, D. Selective laser sintering of a polypropylene polyamide 12 blend: Bulk and component properties. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Additive Technologies—iCAT 2016, Nürnberg, Germany, 29–30 November 2016; DAAAM Specialized Conference. Drstvenšek, I., Drummer, D., Schmidt, M., Eds.; Interesansa-zavod: Ljubljana, Slovenia, 2016. 36. Zhang, W.; Cheng, Y.; Wang, C.; Yang, W.; Wang, C.-H. Investigation on Hydrodynamics of Triple-Bed Combined Circulating Fluidized Bed Using Electrostatic Sensor and Electrical Capacitance Tomography. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2013, 52, 11198–11207. [CrossRef] 37. Blümel, C. Charakterisierung der Trockenen Beschichtung zur Herstellung von maßgeschneiderten Kompositpartikeln. Ph.D. Thesis, Friedrich-Alexander Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany, 2015. 38. Diaz, A.F.; Felix-Navarro, R.M. A semi-quantitative tribo-electric series for polymeric materials: The influence of chemical structure and properties. J. Electrost. 2004, 62, 277–290. [CrossRef] 39. Forward, K.M.; Lacks, D.J.; Mohan Sankaran, R. Methodology for studying particle–particle triboelectrification in granular materials. J. Electrost. 2009, 67, 178–183. [CrossRef] 40. Forward, K.M.; Lacks, D.J.; Sankaran, R.M. Charge segregation depends on particle size in triboelectrically charged granular materials. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2009, 102, 28001. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 41. Lacks, D.J.; Levandovsky, A. Effect of particle size distribution on the polarity of triboelectric charging in granular insulator systems. J. Electrost. 2007, 65, 107–112. [CrossRef] 42. Lacks, D.J.; Duff, N.; Kumar, S.K. Nonequilibrium accumulation of surface species and triboelectric charging in single component particulate systems. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2008, 100, 188305. [CrossRef] [PubMed] © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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