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Triboelectric Nanogenerators Ocean Wave Energy Harvesting

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Triboelectric Nanogenerators Ocean Wave Energy Harvesting ( triboelectric-nanogenerators-ocean-wave-energy-harvesting )

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Proceedings 2018, 2, 714 4 of 5 Figure 2. Working mechanism of the WDSE-TENG prototypes by the contact electrification of dielectric layers with water wave impact. (a) Before the dielectric layer makes contact with water, no charge transfer occurs. (b) The ionization of the surface groups on the dielectric layer will cause the dielectric layer to be negatively charged and (c) create a positively charged EDL on the contact surface of the water wave to maintain electrical neutrality. (d) The negative electric potential difference attains equilibrium as electrons flow to ground. (e) When another water wave contacts the negatively charged dielectric layer, establishes a positive electric potential difference as electrons will flow to the electrode, (f) until reaching a new equilibrium. (g) When the water wave breaks down and leaves the dielectric layer, another new equilibrium is achieved. (a–g) Once the following water wave contacts the WDSE-TENG prototype, a continuous output will be obtained. Figure 3. (a) Comparison of the output voltage (VRMS), current (IRMS) and average output power of the WDSE-TENG prototypes with three configurations exposed to 1.2 Hz water wave impact. (b) Instantaneous output voltage (V) and current (I) of the WDSE-TENG using a FEP dielectric layer. 4. Conclusions In summary, the output performance measurements have demonstrated the potential of the proposed WDSE-TENG prototypes for harvesting mechanical energy from ocean wave impact forces at the structure-water interfaces using water as a triboelectric active material. These new devices can work in liquid environments and hence can provide an energy source for sensing. Further investigation is required to explore suitable designs and efficient energy coupling to enhance the WDSE-TENG output performance employing the hydrophobic dielectric layers that shows a highest performance in contact with water.

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