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Triglycerides as Novel Phase-Change Materials

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Triglycerides as Novel Phase-Change Materials ( triglycerides-as-novel-phase-change-materials )

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Molecules 2020, 25, 5572 11 of 26 Figure 11. (a) Aliphatic chain with unsaturation in the trans configuration, meaning with the two carbon chains on opposite sides of the double bond. (b) Aliphatic chain with unsaturation in the cis configuration, meaning with the two carbon chains on the same side of the double bond. (c) Configuration proposed for the trans-unsaturated triglycerides. (d) Configuration proposed for the cis-unsaturated triglycerides. Images reproduced from Hernqvist [23] and Malkin [24]. Up to three different polymorphs arise in the β’ phase as a consequence of different arrangements [23,45], contrary to SST where only two variations were observed in the β’ phase. Similarly to Table 1, the ”submodifications” are assigned to the corresponding melting points with a number in brackets next to them in Table 2. The fact that several variations of each polymorph takes place in the β’ instead of the β phase supports the theory reported previously, according to which the β’ phase becomes more stable in the presence of mixtures, asymmetrical or unsaturated molecules. For example, Himawan et al. [37] and MacNaughtan et al. [38] analyzed the thermal properties of both pure tripalmitin and tristearin and their mixtures, and report a greater tendency for the formation of the β rather than the β’ form in samples where one species predominates, and the opposite tendency for samples with more equal compositions. Such effect is attributed to steric factors which hinder the formation of β in mixtures. The same can be assumed to be true for unsaturated triglycerides.

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