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Molecules 2020, 25, 5572 12 of 26 Table 2. Data collected on the melting points and enthalpies of fusion of unsaturated symmetrical triglycerides for all polymorphs. The abbreviation indicates the chain length of the precursor fatty acid and the unsaturation position in the aliphatic chain; for example, tripalmitolein is derived from glycerol and three palmitoleic acid molecules, whose carbon number is 16 and that have 1 double bond in configuration cis at the carbon number 9. Therefore, tripalmitolein is indicated as 16.16.16:1 cis 9. Next to the abbreviations, the common given names of each triglycerides are indicated. The melting points reported are based on the peak temperatures in ◦C, and the enthalpies are expressed in J/g. The superscript numbers on each measurement value indicate the reference from which the value has been extracted. Numbers in brackets next to the main value indicate the specific type of “submodification” to which the value has been assigned by the author. For instance, the values −12 (3), −8 (2) and −5 (1)for the β’ phases of triolein indicate that the β’1, β’2 and β’1 polymorphs of triolein melt at −5, −8 and −12 ◦C respectively. Missing values have been indicated with the “-” sign. Structure Unsaturated Symmetrical Triglycerides (UST) Melting Point (Peak [◦C]) β’ β -- −22.8 [41], −21.9 [41], −21.8 [41] 25.7 [41] -- ∆H [J/g] Abbreviation 14.14.14:1 cis 9 16.16.16:1 cis 9 16.16.16:1 trans 9 16.16.16:1 cis 6 18.18.18:1 cis 6 18:18:18:1 trans 6 18.18.18:1 cis 9 18.18.18:1 trans 9 18.18.18:1 cis 11 18.18.18:1 trans 11 18.18.18:2 cis 9-12 18.18.18:3 cis 9-12-15 19.19.19:1 cis 10 20.20.20:1 cis 9 20.20.20:1 cis 11 21.21.21:1 cis 12 22.22.22:1 cis 13 22.22.22:1 trans 13 24.24.24:1 cis 15 Given Name Trimyristolein Tripalmitolein Tri-trans-9-hexadecenoin (6Z)-trihexadecenoin Tripetroselinin Tripetroselaidin Triolein Trielaidin Tri-cis-11-octadecenoin Trivaccenin Trilinolein tri-α-linolenin (10Z)-trinonadecenoin Trigadolein Trieicosenoin (12Z)-trihenecosenoin Trierucin (13E)-tridocosenoin Trinervonin α - −25.8 - −15.0 [41] [16] - - - −12.0 [11], −12.0 (3) [16], −8.0 (2) [16], −5.0 (1) [16], −5.5 [8] 37.0 [11] −3.0 (3) [16], 0.0 (2) [16], 3.0 (1) [16], 1.0 [41] - - −44.6 [31], −47.0 (3) [16], −27.0(2) [16], −21.0 (1) [16] 26.1 [41] (no mention) - 10.1 [41], 17.8 [41] (no mention) 38.0 [41](no mention) 25.0 [11], 22.0 (3) [16], 25.0 (2) [16], 29.0 (1) [16], 29.8 [41] 50.0 (2) [16], 56.0 (1) [16] - 15.0 [16] 28.0 [8,16] 52.0 [8,16] −2.5 (onset) [17], 4.9 [14], 5.0 [16], 5.0 [8], 4.0 [41], 5.0 [45] 41.5, 41.0 [16] 10.0 [16] - −12.9 [11], −12.9 [31], −11.0 [8], −12.7 [41] −24.2 [31] - 32.5 [11], 32.0 [16], 32.0 [8], 32.0 [41] 58.0 [16], 58.0 [8], 58 [41] - α β’ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 105.9 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - β - - - 115.9 [16] 128.4 [16] 179.9 [16] 105.9 [17], 108 [16] 165.3 [16] 113.4 [16] - - 96.2 [31] - - - - 138.1 [16] 143.9 [16] - −2.0 (estimated) [16] 32.0 (estimated) [16] −32.0 [11], −37.0 [16], −32.0 [8] 15.5 [11], 15.0 [16] −11.0 (estimated) [16] - −43.0 [11], −45.6 [31] −84.0 [16] - 6.0 [11], 12.0 (estimated) [16] 40.0 [16] - [16]PDF Image | Triglycerides as Novel Phase-Change Materials
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