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MIXED-MATRIX-MEMBRANES FUNDED PROJECTS 30-cm-wide membrane sheet with lengths of up to 250 m. The membranes could be manufactured reproducibly with uniform quality. The membranes were characterised by determining the permeation behavi- our of individual gases and gas mixtures at different pressures, temperatu- res and compositions. The experiments were performed on MMMs and on pure polymer membranes for comparison purposes. The gas mixtures stu- died were methane/n-butane, nitrogen/n-pentane and a multicomponent mixture [3, 4]. The morphologies of the MMMs were determined using scan- ning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray analysis. Tests were also carried out to measure the adsorption of methane and n-butane in the AC, in the two-phase mixed-matrix layers and in the pure polymer mate- rials. Figure 97 shows the permeance values for n-butane and the n-buta- ne/methane selectivity measured with a POMS/AC MMM and a pure POMS membrane. The greater selectivity of the MMM at higher pressures is readily apparent. However, the MMM was unable to achieve the permeance values obtained with a pure POMS membrane. The modelling activity resulted in a mechanistic transport model for the MMM that provides a good simulation of the experimentally measured per- meation behaviour [3]. An empirical model based on the experimental data was also developed for the purpose of process simulation. Figure 98 shows the results of one such simulation for the separation of n-butane from methane using either a POMS membrane or a mixed-matrix membrane. It shows that in a typical membrane separation set-up with partial recirculation of the permeate, the superior selectivity of the MMM can result in reduced energy consumption. Fig. 97: Effect of feed pressure on a) the permeance of n-butane (n-C4H10) and b) the n-butane/ methane (n-C4H10/CH4) selectivity for a POMS/AC MMM and for a pure POMS membrane at 20 °C (binary mixture with a concentration of 5 mol-% n-butane in methane) Feed pressure [bar] Feed pressure [bar] 245 Permeance n-C4H10 [Nm3/(m2 h bar)] Selectivity n-C4H10 / CH4PDF Image | Chemical Processes and Use of CO2
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